Part ADoes the number of particles change as the substance changes its state?
1 answer:
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Hope this answer helps: option B
Explanation:
Explanation:
Answer and Explanation
• Heterotopic protons are those that when substituted by the same substituent, are structurally different. They are not similar, diastereotopic or enantiotopic.
• Diastreotopic protons refers to two protons in a molecule which, if replaced by the same substituent, would generate compounds that are diastereomers. Diastereotopic groups are often, but not always, identical groups attached to the same atom in a molecule containing at least one chiral center.
For example, the two hydrogen atoms of the C3 carbon in (S)-2-bromobutane are diastereotopic (shown in the attached image). Replacement of one hydrogen atom with a bromine atom will produce (2S,3R)-2,3-dibromobutane. Replacement of the other hydrogen atom with a bromine atom will produce the diastereomer (2S,3S)-2,3-dibromobutane.
• Homotopic protons in a compound are equivalent protons. Two protons A and B are homotopic if the molecule remains the same (including stereochemically) when the protons are interchanged with some other atom (substituent) while the remaining parts of the molecule stay fixed. Homotopic atoms are always identical, in any environment.
For example, ethane, the two H atoms on C1 and C2 carbons on the same side (as shown in the attached image) are homotopic as they exhibit the phenomenon described above.
• Enantiotopic protons are two protons in a molecule which, if one or the other were replaced (by the same substituent), would generate a chiral compound. The two possible compounds resulting from that replacement would be enantiomers.
For example, in the attached image to this answer, the two hydrogen atoms attached to the second carbon in butane are enantiotopic. Replacement of one hydrogen atom with a bromine atom will produce (R)-2-bromobutane. Replacement of the other hydrogen atom with a bromine atom will produce the enantiomer (S)-2-bromobutane.
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Answer:
.
Explanation:
The efficiency of a machine is the percentage of energy input that was turned into useful energy.
The power rating of this lamp is (same as
,) meaning that
of energy is supplied to this lamp every second.
The question states that out of that
of energy input would be turned into heat, which is not useful energy output in this scenario. Assuming that all other forms of energy loss is negligible. The rest of the
of energy supplied to this lamp would be turned into useful energy output.
Thus, every second, this lamp would receive of energy input and would outputs
of useful work. The efficiency of this lamp would be:
.