Question

Solubility (polar vs. Nonpolar)

Answer 1

#.3 Ethanol as a Solvent. Ethanol is a very polar molecule due to its hydroxyl (OH) group, with the high electronegativity of oxygen allowing hydrogen bonding to take place with other molecules. The ethyl (C2H5) group in ethanol is non-polar. Thus, ethanol can dissolve both polar and non-polar substances.
4.Benzene is non-polar Electric charge in the molecules of non-polar solvents is evenly distributed, therefore the molecules have low dielectric constant. Non-polar solvents are hydrophobic (immiscible with water). Non-polar solvents are liphophilic as they dissolve non-polar substances such as oils, fats, greases.

Answer 2

Explanation:

It is given that polar solutes can be dissolved in polar solvents and non-polar solutes can be dissolved in non-polar solvent.

Alcohol being polar, does not dissolves ionic salt in it.

$CCl_4$ is a non-polar solvent.

From the given options:

1. NaCl: This is an ionic salt and hence, it will be soluble in water only.

2. $I_2$ : Iodine gas is a non-polar solute and hence, will be dissolved in non-polar solvent which is $CCl_4$

3. Ethanol: As, it is a polar molecule and is not an ionic salt, therefore it can be soluble in both water and alcohol.

4. Benzene: It is a non-polar molecule and hence, it will be dissolved in $CCl_4$

5. $Br_2$ : Bromine gas is a non-polar solute and hence, will be dissolved in $CCl_4$

6. $KNO_3$: This is an ionic salt and hence, it will be soluble in water only.

7. Toluene: This is a non-polar solute and hence, will be dissolved in $CCl_4$

8. $Ca(OH)_2$: This is an ionic salt and hence, it will be soluble in water only.