1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
Damm [24]
3 years ago
6

The combustion of 40.10 g of a compound which contains only C, H, Cl and O yields 58.57 g of CO2 and 14.98 g of H2O. Another sam

ple of the compound with a mass of 75.00 g is found to contain 22.06 g of Cl. What is the empirical formula of the compound?
Chemistry
1 answer:
elena-14-01-66 [18.8K]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

The empirical formula is C4H5ClO2

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Mass of the sample = 40.10 grams

Mass of CO2 produced = 58.57 grams

Mass of H2O produced = 14.98 grams

Molar mass CO2 = 44.01 g/mol

Molar mass H2O = 18.02 g/mol

Atomic mass C= 12.01 g/mol

Atomic mass O = 16.0 g/mol

Atomic mass H = 1.01 g/mol

In experiment 2, mass = 75.00 grams and 22.06 grams is Cl

Step 2: Calculate moles CO2

Moles CO2 = mass CO2 / molar mass CO2

Moles CO2 = 58.57 grams / 44.01 g/mol

Moles CO2 = 1.33 moles

Step 3: Calculate moles C

For 1 mol CO2 we have 1 mol CO2

For 1.33 moles CO2 we have 1.33 moles C

Step 4: Calculate mass C

Mass C = 1.33 grams * 12.01 g/mol

Mass C = 15.97 grams

Step 5: Calculate moles H2O

Moles H2O= 14.98 grams /18.02 g/mol

Moles H2O = 0.831 moles

Step 6: Calculate moles H

For 1mol H2O we have 2 moles H

For 0.831 moles H2O we have 2*0.831 = 1.662 moles H

Step7: Calculate mass H

Mass H = 1.662 moles * 1.01 g/mol

Mass H = 1.68 grams

Step 8: Calculate mass %

%C = (15.97 grams / 40.10) * 100 %

%C = 39.8 %

%H = (1.68 / 40.10 ) *100%

%H = 4.2 %

%Cl = (22.06 / 75.00 ) * 100%

%Cl = 29.4 %

%O = 100 % - 39.8% - 4.2 % - 29.4 %

%O = 26.6 %

Step 9: Calculate moles in compound

We assume the compound has a mass of 100 grams

Mass C = 39.8 grams

MAss H = 4.2 grams

MAss Cl = 29.4 grams

Mass O = 26.6 grams

Moles C = 39.8 grams / 12.01 g/mol

Moles C = 3.314 moles

Moles H = 4.2 moles / 1.01 g/mol

Moles H = 4.158 moles

Moles Cl =29.4 grams / 35.45 g/mol

Moles Cl = 0.829 moles

Moles O = 26.6 grams / 16.0 g/mol

Moles O = 1.663 moles

Step 10: calculate the mol ratio

We divide by the smallest amount of moles

C: 3.314 moles / 0.829 moles = 4

H: 4.158 moles / 0.829 moles = 5

Cl: 0.829 moles /0.829 moles = 1

O: 1.663 moles / 0.829 moles = 2

This means For each Cl atom we have 4 C atoms, 5 H atoms and 2 O atoms

The empirical formula is C4H5ClO2

You might be interested in
Draw the product formed when oleic acid is hydrogenated.
lesya [120]

Oleic acid belongs to class of alkene and in alkenes, addition of H-H across C=C that is carbon carbon double bond results in the formation of alkane as a product in the presence of specific catalyst such as nickel, palladium and platinum.  The reaction is said to be hydrogenation reaction.

Oleic acid (C_{17}H_{33}COOH) consist of 17 carbon atoms attached to 33 hydrogen atoms with one double bond between two carbon atoms and one carboxylic group i.e.(-COOH). When oleic acid is hydrogenated or reacts with hydrogen in the presence of catalyst, then the carbon carbon double breaks by the addition H-H and alkane product i.e. stearic acid  (C_{17}H_{35}COOH) is formed.

The chemical reaction is shown in the image.

7 0
3 years ago
A mineral sample is obtained from a region of the country that has high arsenic contamination. An elemental analysis yields the
Gnesinka [82]

Answer:

<em><u>CaAsHO₄</u></em>

Explanation:

The data has a mistake in one of the values there. I believe the mistake is on the hydrogen. So, I'm going to assume the value of Hydrogen is 0.6%, so the total percent composition would be 100.1% (Something better). All you have to do is replace the correct value of H (or the value with the mistaken option) and do the same procedure.

Now, to calculate the empirical formula, we can do this in three steps.

<u>Step 1. Calculate the amount in moles of each element.</u>

In these case, we just divide the percent composition with the molar mass of each one of them:

Ca: 22.3 / 40.078 = 0.5564

As: 41.6 / 74.9216 = 0.5552

O: 35.6 / 15.9994 = 2.2251

H: 0.6 / 1.00794 = 0.5953

Now that we have done this, let's calculate the ratio of mole of each of them. This is doing dividing the smallest number of mole between each of the moles there. In this case, the moles of As are the smallest so:

Ca: 0.5564/0.5552 = 1.0022

As: 0.5552/0.5552 = 1

O: 2.2251/0.5552 = 4.0077

H: 0.5953/0.5552 = 1.0722

Now, we round those numbers, and that will give us the number of atoms of each element in the empirical formula

<u>Step 3. Write the empirical formula with the rounded numbers obtained</u>

In this case we will have:

Ca: 1

As: 1

O: 4

H: 1

The empirical formula would have to be:

<em><u>CaAsHO₄</u></em>

3 0
3 years ago
Electrons always fill orbitals in the same order. Each s orbital holds 2 electrons, each set of p orbitals holds 6 electrons, ea
arsen [322]
Oxygen is the answer :)

4 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Butane, ch3-ch2-ch2-ch3, is a hydrocarbon fuel used in lighters. how many moles of molecules are there in a 350. gram sample of
Galina-37 [17]
<span>6.03 moles.



1 molecule of butane contains 4 carbon atoms and ten hydrogen atoms.

The molar mass is 4 times the atomic mass of carbon, 12 g/mol, plus 10 times the atomic weight of hydrogen, 1 g/mol.

Molar mass = 4 * 12 g/mol + 10 * 1 g/mol = 58 g/mol.

This means that 1 mole of butane has a mass of 58 g.

To figure out how many moles are in a sample of butane, divide the mass of sample in grams by 58 grams

Number of moles in sample = 350 g / 58 g/mol = 6.03 moles.</span>
3 0
2 years ago
Why do single cell organisms divide?
mixer [17]
Single-celled organisms<span> which use asexual reproduction can </span>do<span> so very rapidly simply by </span>dividing<span> into two equal halves. This is called binary fission. In yeasts the </span>cell<span> does not </span>divide<span> equally in two halves; instead, there is a large mother </span>cell<span> and a smaller daughter </span>cell<span>. This is called budding.</span>
7 0
2 years ago
Other questions:
  • In general what two classes of materials dissolve in water
    15·1 answer
  • Which of the dollowing isotopes have 8 neutrons in the nucleus?<br> 0-15<br> 0-17<br> C13<br> O C14
    12·2 answers
  • small amount wet of hydrogen gas (H2) can be prepared by the reaction of zinc with excess hydrochloric acid and trapping the gas
    8·1 answer
  • PLEASE HELP FELLOW BRAINLIEST I NEED YOU AND QUICK!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Thomas Jefferson was the first to suggest what practi
    13·2 answers
  • The atomic mass of hydrogen is 1.01. What is the mass of hydrogen in one mole of aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3)?
    11·1 answer
  • Can someone solve c and d? ​
    15·1 answer
  • Propane is used as a fuel for camp stoves. It undergoes combustion to form carbon dioxide and water.
    6·1 answer
  • How many grams in 1.000 moles of oxygen gas?
    13·1 answer
  • Compare the properties of elements in groups 17 and group 18. Make sure to cover the following points:
    7·2 answers
  • Balance the following the chemical equation: fill in the blanks
    15·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!