Answer:
(a) the net charge inside the closed surface.
Explanation:
In Gauss' Law, Qencl refers to the net charge inside the Gaussian surface. This surface is usually taken as a symmetric geometric surface, but this is merely for simplicity. Gauss' Law holds for any closed surface. Inside this surface there can be insulators as well as conductors. Regardless of the geometry or the materials inside, Qencl refers to the net charge inside the closed surface. The charge outside the surface is irrelevant for Gauss' Law, therefore all the charge in the physical system is not included in Gauss' Law.
Newton's first law states that every object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless compelled to change its state by the action of an external force.
Answer:
Gas like oxygen, nitrogen etc
<u>Answer</u>:
The coefficient of static friction between the tires and the road is 1.987
<u>Explanation</u>:
<u>Given</u>:
Radius of the track, r = 516 m
Tangential Acceleration = 3.89 m/s^2
Speed,v = 32.8 m/s
<u>To Find:</u>
The coefficient of static friction between the tires and the road = ?
<u>Solution</u>:
The radial Acceleration is given by,
Now the total acceleration is
=>
=>
=>
=>
The frictional force on the car will be f = ma------------(1)
And the force due to gravity is W = mg--------------------(2)
Now the coefficient of static friction is
From (1) and (2)
Substituting the values, we get