Assume that a p+ - n diode is built with an n region width l smaller than a hole diffusion length (l
1 answer:
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Answer:
a) The ductility = -30.12%
the negative sign means reduction
Therefore, there is 30.12% reduction
b) the true stress at fracture is 658.26 Mpa
Explanation:
Given that;
Original diameter = 12.8 mm
Final diameter = 10.7
Engineering stress = 460 Mpa
a) determine The ductility in terms of percent reduction in area;
Ai = π/4( )² ; Ag = π/4(
)²
% = π/4 [ ( ( )² - (
)²) / ( π/4 (
)²) ]
= ( ( )² - (
)²) / (
)² × 100
we substitute
= [( (10.7)² - (12.8)²) / (12.8)² ] × 100
= [(114.49 - 163.84) / 163.84 ] × 100
= - 0.3012 × 100
= -30.12%
the negative sign means reduction
Therefore, there is 30.12% reduction
b) The true stress at fracture;
True stress =
( 1 +
)
is engineering strain
= dL / Lo
= (do² - df²) / df² = (12.8² - 10.7²) / 10.7² = (163.84 - 114.49) / 114.49
= 49.35 / 114.49
= 0.431
so we substitute the value of into our initial equation;
True stress = 460 ( 1 + 0.431)
True stress = 460 (1.431)
True stress = 658.26 Mpa
Therefore, the true stress at fracture is 658.26 Mpa
Answer:
The velocity in the pipe is 5.16m/s. The pipe diameter for the second fluid should be 6.6 mm.
Explanation:
Here the first think you have to consider is the definition of the Reynolds number () for flows in pipes. Rugly speaking, the Reynolds number is an adimensonal parameter to know if the fliud flow is in laminar or turbulent regime. The equation to calculate this number is:
where is the density of the fluid,
is the viscosity, D is the pipe diameter and v is the velocity of the fluid.
Now, we know that Re=2100. So the velocity is:
For the second fluid, we want to keep the Re=2100 and v=5.16m/s. Therefore, using the equation of Reynolds number the diameter is: