Answer: Option (D) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
The given elements Li, C and F are all second period elements. So, when we move from left to right across a period then there occurs increase in number of valence electrons as there occurs increase in total number of electrons.
So, it means more electrons are added to the same energy level.
Thus, we can conclude that a property of valence electrons for each element is located in the same energy level is common in the given elements.
Answer:
they are both clocks i think please be right
The school that was supported was the Self psychology or the Ego psychology which is based on the model of the mind called id-ego-superego model
Answer: The unpolarized light's intensity is reduced by the factor of two when it passes through the polaroid and becomes linearly polarized in the plane of the Polaroid. When the polarized light passes through the polaroid with the plane of polarization at an angle 
with respect to the polarization plane of the incoming light, the light's intensity is reduced by the factor of 
(this is the Law of Malus).
Explanation: Let us say we have a beam of unpolarized light of intensity 
that passes through two parallel Polaroid discs with the angle of between their planes of polarization. We are asked to find such that the intensity of the outgoing beam is 
. To solve this we follow the steps below:
Step 1. It is known that when the unpolarized light passes through a polaroid its intensity is reduced by the factor of two, meaning that the intensity of the beam passing through the first polaroid is
This beam also becomes polarized in the plane of the first polaroid.
Step 2. Now the polarized beam hits the surface of the second polaroid whose polarization plane is at an angle with respect to the plane of the polarization of the beam. After passing through the polaroid, the beam remains polarized but in the plane of the second polaroid and its intensity is reduced, according to the Law of Malus, by the factor of 
This yields 
. Substituting from the previous step we get
yielding
and finally,
Answer:
a and b
Explanation:
Hydro static equilibrium holds a star steady and balanced. Whenever a star stops burning hydrogen in its center, there must be evolutionary improvements to maintain equilibrium for the star Of example, if a star's internal pressure and temperature fall, gravity will take over and force the star to contract and heat up, restoring stability. By contrast, if a star's internal pressure and temperature rises, the extra pressure causes the star to widen and cool, restoring balance.
so, according to above explanation options a and b both are true
a) A small increase in the star's internal pressure and temperature causes the star's outer layers to expand and cool.
b) A small decrease in the star's internal pressure and temperature causes the star's outer layers to contract and heat up.
