Alpha particles bouncing off of gold foil.
I believe the answer is 3 - He hypothesized that all substances can be broken down into a smallest part called the atom.
Valence electrons form bonds to create molecules and compounds because A. they are weaker than the electrons found closer to the nucleus.
A better way of saying it is that the valence electrons are <em>less strongly attracted</em> to the nucleus.
All electrons have the same size, but the <em>orbitals</em> they occupy have different sizes.
It’s not the surf area along coastlines
