Answer:
A) is a cost to a bystander.
Explanation:
A negative externality is defined as the difference between the social cost and an economic agent from the private cost of an action.
A negative externality is a cost to a bystander as negative externality occurs when a transaction between a buyer and seller affects third party with a loss, which has no involvement in the transaction.
Hence, the correct option is A.
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Answer:
a) 
b) 
Explanation:
Given:
height of water in one arm of the u-tube, 
a)
Gauge pressure at the water-mercury interface,:

we've the density of the water 


b)
Now the same pressure is balanced by the mercury column in the other arm of the tube:



<u>Now the difference in the column is :</u>



Answer:
Recall that Earth’s radius is 6.38 × 106 m and Earth’s mass is 5.97 × 1024 kg.
Explanation: