Explanation:
The sulfonation of the naphthalene yield 2 products under different conditions:
<u>When the reaction is carried at 80 °C, 1-naphthalenesulfonic acid is the major product because it is kinetically favoured product as arenium ion formed in the transition state corresponding to 1-naphthalenesulfonic acid is more stable due to better resonance stabilization.
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<u>When the reaction is carried at 160 °C, 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid is the major product as it is more stable than 1-naphthalenesulfonic acid because of steric interaction of the sulfonic acid group in 1-position and the hydrogen in 8-position.</u>
The products are shown in image below.
Buffer solutions consist of an aqueous solution of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid. Buffer solutions are used to have better control of the pH of solutions.
An example of a weak acid and its conjugate base is acetic acid (CH3COOH) and sodium acetate (CH3COONa).
Answer:
C) 107 g
Explanation:
Step 1: Calculate the molar mass of Ca(NO₃)₂
We can calculate the molar mass of Ca(NO₃)₂ by adding the masses of its elements.
M = 1 × Ca + 2 × N + 2 × 3 × O
M = 1 × 40.08 g/mol + 2 × 14.01 g/mol + 6 × 16.00 g/mol
M = 164.10 g/mol
Step 2: Calculate the mass corresponding to 0.650 moles of Ca(NO₃)₂
We multiply the number of moles by the molar mass.
0.650 mol × 164.10 g/mol = 107 g