Resistance to the motion of an automobile consists of road friction, which is almost independent of speed, and air drag, which i
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To solve the problem it is necessary to apply the Malus Law. Malus's law indicates that the intensity of a linearly polarized beam of light, which passes through a perfect analyzer with a vertical optical axis is equivalent to:
Where,
indicates the intensity of the light before passing through the polarizer,
I is the resulting intensity, and
indicates the angle between the axis of the analyzer and the polarization axis of the incident light.
Since we have two objects the law would be,
Replacing the values,
Therefore the intesity of the light after it has passes through both polarizers is
Answer:
Final volumen first process
Final Pressure second process
Explanation:
Using the Ideal Gases Law yoy have for pressure:
where:
P is the pressure, in Pa
n is the nuber of moles of gas
R is the universal gas constant: 8,314 J/mol K
T is the temperature in Kelvin
V is the volumen in cubic meters
Given that the amount of material is constant in the process:
In an isobaric process the pressure is constant so:
Replacing :
Replacing on the ideal gases formula the pressure at this piont is:
For Temperature the ideal gases formula is:
For the second process you have that So:
To solve this problem we will use the concepts related to gravitational acceleration and centripetal acceleration. The equality between these two forces that maintains the balance will allow to determine how the rigid body is consistent with a spherically symmetric mass distribution of constant density. Let's start with the gravitational acceleration of the Star, which is
Here
Mass inside the orbit in terms of Volume and Density is
Where,
V = Volume
Density
Now considering the volume of the star as a Sphere we have
Replacing at the previous equation we have,
Now replacing the mass at the gravitational acceleration formula we have that
For a rotating star, the centripetal acceleration is caused by this gravitational acceleration. So centripetal acceleration of the star is
At the same time the general expression for the centripetal acceleration is
Where is the orbital velocity
Using this expression in the left hand side of the equation we have that
Considering the constant values we have that
As the orbital velocity is proportional to the orbital radius, it shows the rigid body rotation of stars near the galactic center.
So the rigid-body rotation near the galactic center is consistent with a spherically symmetric mass distribution of constant density