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Cloud [144]
3 years ago
8

What factors are likely to promote the formation of stress corrosion cracks?

Engineering
1 answer:
Naddika [18.5K]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

Stress corrosion cracking

Explanation:

This occurs when susceptible materials subjected to an environment that causes cracking effect by the production of folds and tensile stress. This also depends upon the nature of the corrosive environment.

Factors like high-temperature water, along with Carbonization and chlorination, static stress, and material properties.

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Complete function PrintPopcornTime(), with int parameter bagOunces, and void return type. If bagOunces is less than 3, print "To
weqwewe [10]

Answer:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

void PrintPopcornTime(int bagOunces) {

if(bagOunces < 3){

 cout << "Too small";

 cout << endl;

}

else if(bagOunces > 10){

 cout << "Too large";

 cout << endl;

}

else{

 cout << (6 * bagOunces) << " seconds" << endl;

}

}

int main() {

  PrintPopcornTime(7);

  return 0;

}

Explanation:

Using C++ to write the program. In line 1 we define the header "#include <iostream>"  that defines the standard input/output stream objects. In line 2 "using namespace std" gives me the ability to use classes or functions, From lines 5 to 17 we define the function "PrintPopcornTime(), with int parameter bagOunces" Line 19 we can then call the function using 7 as the argument "PrintPopcornTime(7);" to get the expected output.

8 0
3 years ago
A four-cylinder, four-stroke internal combustion engine has a bore of 3.7 in. and a stroke of 3.4 in. The clearance volume is 16
Bad White [126]

Answer:

the net work per cycle \mathbf{W_{net} = 0.777593696}  Btu per cycle

the power developed by the engine, W = 88.0144746 hp

Explanation:

the information given includes;

diameter of the four-cylinder bore = 3.7 in

length of the stroke = 3.4 in

The clearance volume = 16% = 0.16

The cylindrical volume V_2 = 0.16 V_1

the crankshaft N rotates at a speed of  2400 RPM.

At the beginning of the compression , temperature T_1 = 60 F = 519.67 R    

and;

Otto cycle with a pressure =  14.5 lbf/in² = (14.5 × 144 ) lb/ft²

= 2088 lb/ft²

The maximum temperature in the cycle is 5200 R

From the given information; the change in volume is:

V_1-V_2 = \dfrac{\pi}{4}D^2L

V_1-0.16V_1= \dfrac{\pi}{4}(3.7)^2(3.4)

V_1-0.16V_1= 36.55714291

0.84 V_1 =36.55714291

V_1 =\dfrac{36.55714291}{0.84 }

V_1 =43.52040823 \ in^3 \\ \\  V_1 = 43.52 \ in^3

V_1 = 0.02518 \ ft^3

the mass in air ( lb) can be determined by using the formula:

m = \dfrac{P_1V_1}{RT}

where;

R = 53.3533 ft.lbf/lb.R°

m = \dfrac{2088 \ lb/ft^2 \times 0.02518 \ ft^3}{53.3533 \ ft .lbf/lb.^0R  \times 519 .67 ^0 R}

m = 0.0018962 lb

From the tables  of ideal gas properties at Temperature 519.67 R

v_{r1} =158.58

u_1 = 88.62 Btu/lb

At state of volume 2; the relative volume can be determined as:

v_{r2} = v_{r1}  \times \dfrac{V_2}{V_1}

v_{r2} = 158.58 \times 0.16

v_{r2} = 25.3728

The specific energy u_2 at v_{r2} = 25.3728 is 184.7 Btu/lb

From the tables of ideal gas properties at maximum Temperature T = 5200 R

v_{r3} = 0.1828

u_3 = 1098 \ Btu/lb

To determine the relative volume at state 4; we have:

v_{r4} = v_{r3} \times \dfrac{V_1}{V_2}

v_{r4} =0.1828 \times \dfrac{1}{0.16}

v_{r4} =1.1425

The specific energy u_4 at v_{r4} =1.1425 is 591.84 Btu/lb

Now; the net work per cycle can now be calculated as by using the following formula:

W_{net} = Heat  \ supplied - Heat  \ rejected

W_{net} = m(u_3-u_2)-m(u_4 - u_1)

W_{net} = m(u_3-u_2- u_4 + u_1)

W_{net} = m(1098-184.7- 591.84 + 88.62)

W_{net} = 0.0018962 \times (1098-184.7- 591.84 + 88.62)

W_{net} = 0.0018962 \times (410.08)

\mathbf{W_{net} = 0.777593696}  Btu per cycle

the power developed by the engine, in horsepower. can be calculated as follows;

In the  four-cylinder, four-stroke internal combustion engine; the power developed by the engine can be calculated by using the expression:

W = 4 \times N'  \times W_{net

where ;

N' = \dfrac{2400}{2}

N' = 1200 cycles/min

N' = 1200 cycles/60 seconds

N' = 20 cycles/sec

W = 4 × 20 cycles/sec ×  0.777593696

W = 62.20749568 Btu/s

W = 88.0144746 hp

8 0
2 years ago
There are two identical oil tanks. The level of oil in Tank A is 12 ft and is drained at the rate of 0.5 ft/min. Tank B contains
Luba_88 [7]

Answer:

  16 minutes

Explanation:

This is an example of a class of problems in which two quantities start with different initial values and change at different rates. In such problems, the rates of change are generally ones that cause the values to converge.

The question usually asks when the values will be the same. The generic answer is, "when the difference in rates makes up the difference in initial values."

Here the tanks differ in initial fill height by 12 -8 = 4 ft. The rates of change differ by 0.5 -0.25 = 0.25 ft/min. The more filled tank is draining faster (important), so the fill heights will converge after ...

  (4 ft)/(0.25 ft/min) = 16 min

The level in the two tanks will be the same after 16 minutes.

__

<em>Additional comment</em>

The oil levels at that time will be 4 ft.

You can write two equations for height:

  y = 12 -0.5x . . . . . . . height in feet after x minutes (tank A)

  y = 8 -0.25x . . . . . .  height in feet after x minutes (tank B)

These will be equal when ...

  y = y

  12 -0.5x = 8 -0.25x

  4 = 0.25x . . . . . . . . . . add 0.5x -8

  16 = x . . . . . . . . . . . . multiply by 4 . . . . time to equal height

The graph shows when the tanks will have equal heights and when they will be drained.

4 0
2 years ago
How much cornfield area would be required if you were to replace all the oil consumed in the United States with ethanol from cor
zaharov [31]

Answer:

2377.35 km

Explanation:

Given the following;

1. A cornfield is 1.5% efficient at converting radiant energy into stored chemical potential energy;

2. The conversion from corn to ethanol is 17% efficient;

3. A 1.2:1 ratio for farm equipment to energy production

4. A 50% growing season and,

5. 200 W/m2 solar insolation.

As per our assumptions,1.2/1 is the ratio for farm equipment to energy production,

So USA need around 45.45% (1/(1+1.2) replacement of fuel energy production which is nearly about = 0.4545*10^{20} J/year = \frac{0.4545*10^{20}}{365*24*3600}=1.44121*10^{12} J/sec

Growing season is only part of year ( Given = 50%),

Net efficiency = 1.5%*17%*50%=0.015*0.17*0.5=0.001275 = 0.1275%

Hence , Actual Energy replacement (Efficiency),

=\frac{1.44121*10^{12}}{0.001275} = 1.13*10^{15} J/sec=1.13*10^{15} W

As per assumption (5),

\because 200 W/m2 solar insolation arequired,

So USA required corn field area = 1.13*10^{15}/200 = 5.65*10^{12} m^{2}

Hence, length of each side of a square,

= (5.65*10^{12} )^{0.5} = 2377.35 km

4 0
3 years ago
Diffusion of Ammonia in an Aqueous Solution Ammonia (A)-water (B) solution ta 278 K and 4 mm thick is in contact with an organic
Tom [10]

Answer:

Explanation:

The pictures below shows the whole explanation for the problem

4 0
3 years ago
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