Cellular respiration uses glucose and oxygen, which have high levels of free energy, and releases carbon dioxide and water, whic
2 answers:
Answer:
Cellular respiration is spontaneous and exergonic. And the energy released during this process is used primarily for the formation of new chemical bonds (ATP)
Explanation:
In the catabolic reactions complex substances are transformed into simpler ones. When the molecules are degraded, they release the energy contained in the chemical bonds. This is the type of energy that is produced in cellular respiration.
Cellular respiration is an exergonic reaction, where part of the energy contained in the food molecules is used by the cell to synthesize ATP, which is a small molecule that powers reactions in the cell. It is said that part of the energy is detected for synthesis, because much of the energy is dissipated as heat.
In chemistry, a spontaneous process is one that occurs without the external energy supply. And generally spontaneity is analyzed by Gibbs energy (G), which is a measure of the amount of usable energy. When ΔG <0 process is exergonic and will occur spontaneously directly to form more products.
When ΔG> 0 the process is endergonic and is not spontaneous in the direct sense. On the contrary, it will occur spontaneously in the opposite direction to produce more reagents.
When ΔG = 0, the system is in equilibrium and the concentrations of products and reagents will remain constant.
The general reaction of the analyzed process can write as follows:
⇒
ΔG=-686
As you can see, G is less than zero. It was also mentioned that cellular respiration is an exergonic reaction. Then it can be said that it is a spontaneous reaction.
In summary, cellular respiration is spontaneous and exergonic. And the energy released during this process is used primarily for the formation of new chemical bonds (ATP)
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Answer : The balanced chemical equation in acidic medium will be,
Explanation :
Redox reaction or Oxidation-reduction reaction : It is defined as the reaction in which the oxidation and reduction reaction takes place simultaneously.
Oxidation reaction : It is defined as the reaction in which a substance looses its electrons. In this, oxidation state of an element increases. Or we can say that in oxidation, the loss of electrons takes place.
Reduction reaction : It is defined as the reaction in which a substance gains electrons. In this, oxidation state of an element decreases. Or we can say that in reduction, the gain of electrons takes place.
Rules for the balanced chemical equation in acidic solution are :
First we have to write into the two half-reactions.
Now balance the main atoms in the reaction.
Now balance the hydrogen and oxygen atoms on both the sides of the reaction.
If the oxygen atoms are not balanced on both the sides then adding water molecules at that side where the less number of oxygen are present.
If the hydrogen atoms are not balanced on both the sides then adding hydrogen ion at that side where the less number of hydrogen are present.
Now balance the charge.
The given chemical reaction is,
The oxidation-reduction half reaction will be :
Oxidation :
Reduction :
First balance the main element in the reaction.
Oxidation :
Reduction :
Now balance oxygen atom on both side.
Oxidation :
Reduction :
Now balance hydrogen atom on both side.
Oxidation :
Reduction :
Now balance the charge.
Oxidation :
Reduction :
The charges are not balanced on both side of the reaction. Thus, we are multiplying oxidation reaction by 2 and the adding both equation, we get the balanced redox reaction.
Oxidation :
Reduction :
The balanced chemical equation in acidic medium will be,