Answer:
Salt domes storage has advantages in cost, security, environmental risk, and maintenance. Salt formations offer the lowest cost, most environmentally secure way to store crude oil for long periods of time. Stockpiling oil in artificially-created caverns deep within the rock-hard salt costs historically about $3.50 per barrel in capital costs. Storing oil in above ground tanks, by comparison, can cost $15 to $18 per barrel - or at least five times the expense. Also, because the salt caverns are 2,000-4,000 feet below the surface, geologic pressures will sea; any crack that develops in the salt formation, assuring that no crude oil leaks from the cavern. An added benefit is the natural temperature differential between the top of the caverns and the bottom - a distance of around 2,000 feet; the temperature differential keeps the crude oil continuously circulating in the caverns, giving the oil a consistent quality.
Answer:
Salt domes result when <u><em>the pressure of overlying rock forces the salt to rise. (Option 2)</em></u>
Explanation:
In geology it is called the gently wavy and rounded relief dome.
Salt has some special properties like rock:
- Salt has a lower specific gravity in relation to a common mineral.
- Salts deform plastically and are very mobile.
- Salts have a high water solubility.
These properties allow, if the pressure is very high, that the salt layers move upwards (due to their lower density). That is, the internal forces produce the elevation of the strata by means of the pressure they exert towards a higher point, generating that the salt looks for its way towards the surface [that is, the salt ascends through the sedimentary layers of the earth's crust, crossing them and deforming them] and causing the bulging structure. The oldest strata are located in the central area of the dome, while the most modern are distributed in the farthest radius. The structure is called salt or diapiro dome, the phenomenon by which it is formed is called diapirism.
Finally, you can say that <u><em>Salt domes result when the pressure of overlying rock forces the salt to rise.</em></u>
Answer: -
Concentration of PbI₂ = 1.5 x 10⁻³ M
PbI₂ dissociates in water as
PbI₂ ⇄ Pb²⁺ + 2 I⁻
So PbI₂ releases two times the amount of I⁻ as it's own concentration when saturated.
Thus the molar concentration of iodide ion in a saturated PbI₂ solution = [ I⁻] =
= 1.5 x 10⁻³ x 2 M
= 3 x 10⁻³ M
PbI₂ releases the same amount of Pb²⁺ as it's own concentration when saturated.
[Pb²⁺] = 1.5 x 10⁻³ M
So solubility product for PbI₂
Ksp = [Pb²⁺] x [ I⁻]²
=1.5 x 10⁻³ x (3 x 10⁻³)²
= 4.5 x 10⁻⁹
Answer:
0.80 seconds (2 significant figures)
Explanation:
The equation of the reaction is given as;
CICH2CH2Cl (g) --> CH2CHCI (g) + HCl(g)
Rate constant (k) = 2.01 s^-1
From the units of the rate constant, this is a first order reaction.
Initial Concentration = 1.34 M
t = ?
Final concentration = 20% of 1.34 = 0.268 M
The integrated rate law for a first order reaction is given as;
ln[A] = ln[A]o - kt
ln(0.268) = ln(1.34) - 2.01(t)
-2.01(t) = - 1.6094
t = 0.8007 ≈ 0.80 seconds (2 significant figures)
