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Bond [772]
3 years ago
8

What is the concentration of a solution containing 1.11 g sugar (sucrose, C12H22O11, MW = 342.3 g/mol, d = 1.587 g/cm3) in 432 m

L glycerine (C3H8O3, MW = 92.09 g/mol, d = 1.261 g/cm3) in molarity and molality.
Chemistry
1 answer:
djyliett [7]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

0.0075 M

0.0060 m

Explanation:

Our strategy here is to use the definition of molarity and molality to solve this question.

The molarity is the number of moles of solute, sucrose in this case, per liter of solution.

The molality is the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent.

So the molarity of the  solution is

M = moles of solute/ V solution

As we see we need the volume of solution since we are only given the volume of solvent, but this will be easy to compute since we have the density of  sucrose.

So determine the moles of sucrose , and the volume of solution:

Moles sucrose = 1.11 g/342.3 g/mol = 3.24 x 10⁻³ M

Volume of solution = Vol Sucrose + Vol glycerine

d = m/V ⇒ Vsucrose = m / d = 1.11 g/ 1.587 g/cm³ = 0.70 cm³

Vol solution = 432 mL + 0.70 mL = 432.7 mL  (1cm³  = 1 mL)

Vol solution = 432.7 mL x 1 L / 1000 mL = 0.4327 L

⇒ M = 3.2 x 10⁻³  mol / 0.4327 L = 0.0075  M

For the molarity what we need is to first calculate the kilograms of glycerine from the given density:

d = m/v ⇒ m = d x v = 1.261 g/cm³ x  432 cm³ = 544.75 g

Converting to Kg:

544.75 g x 1 Kg/ 1000 g = 0.544 kg

Now the molality is

m = mol sucrose/ kg solvent = 3.24 x 10⁻³ mol / 0.544 Kg = 0.0060 m

Note: In the calculation for  volume of solution we could have approximated it to that of just glycerine, but since the density of sucrose was given we calculated the total volume of solution to be more rigorous.

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Explanation:

It is known that pK_{a} value of acetic acid is 4.74. And, relation between pH and pK_{a} is as follows.

                    pH = pK_{a} + log \frac{[CH_{3}COOH]}{[CH_{3}COONa]}

                          = 4.74 + log \frac{1.00}{1.00}

So, number of moles of NaOH = Volume × Molarity

                                                   = 71.0 ml × 0.760 M

                                                    = 0.05396 mol

Also, moles of  CH_{3}COOH = moles of CH_{3}COONa

                                          = Molarity × Volume

                                          = 1.00 M × 1.00 L

                                          = 1.00 mol

Hence, addition of sodium acetate in NaOH will lead to the formation of acetic acid as follows.

            CH_{3}COONa + NaOH \rightarrow CH_{3}COOH

Initial :    1.00 mol                                  1.00 mol

NaoH addition:               0.05396 mol

Equilibrium : (1 - 0.05396 mol)    0           (1.00 + 0.05396 mol)

                    = 0.94604 mol                       = 1.05396 mol

As, pH = pK_{a} + log \frac{[CH_{3}COONa]}{[CH_{3}COOH]}

               = 4.74 +  log \frac{0.94604}{1.05396}

               = 4.69

Therefore, change in pH will be calculated as follows.

                         pH = 4.74 - 4.69

                               = 0.05

Thus, we can conclude that change in pH of the given solution is 0.05.

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