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Nitella [24]
3 years ago
9

What is the activation energy (Q) for a vacancy formation if 10 moles of a metal have 2.3 X 10^13 vacancies at 425°C?

Engineering
1 answer:
Yakvenalex [24]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

Activation\ Energy=2.5\times 10^{-19}\ J

Explanation:

Using the expression shown below as:

N_v=N\times e^{-\frac {Q_v}{k\times T}

Where,

N_v is the number of vacancies

N is the number of defective sites

k is Boltzmann's constant = 1.38\times 10^{-23}\ J/K

{Q_v} is the activation energy

T is the temperature

Given that:

N_v=2.3\times 10^{13}

N = 10 moles

1 mole = 6.023\times 10^{23}

So,

N = 10\times 6.023\times 10^{23}=6.023\times 10^{24}

Temperature = 425°C

The conversion of T( °C) to T(K) is shown below:

T(K) = T( °C) + 273.15  

So,  

T = (425 + 273.15) K = 698.15 K  

T = 698.15 K

Applying the values as:

2.3\times 10^{13}=6.023\times 10^{24}\times e^{-\frac {Q_v}{1.38\times 10^{-23}\times 698.15}

ln[\frac {2.3}{6.023}\times 10^{-11}]=-\frac {Q_v}{1.38\times 10^{-23}\times 698.15}

Q_v=2.5\times 10^{-19}\ J

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3 years ago
C++ - Green Crud Fibonacci programThe following program is to be written with a loop. You are to write this program three times
Fynjy0 [20]

Answer:

Below is the required code:

Explanation:

Using for loop

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()

{

    //Initial crud size

    int init = 0;

    int newCrud;

    int next=0;

    //Number of days to simulate

    int no_days;

    int day;

    cout << "Enter initial amount of green crud: ";

    cin >> newCrud;

    cout << "Enter number of days to simulate: ";

    cin >> no_days;

    for (day = 10; day<=no_days; day++)

    {

         if (day % 10 == 0)

         {

             next = newCrud + init;

         }

             newCrud = init;

             init = next;

    }

    if (no_days < 5)

    cout << "\nCrud reproduce only after 5 days minimum.Hence the current amount is "

    << newCrud << " pounds.";

    else

    cout << "On day " << no_days << " you have " << init

    << " pounds of green crud." << endl;

    cout << "\nWould you like to continue? (y or n): ";

    cin >> ans;

         return 0;

}

Output:

         Enter initial amount of green crud: 5

         Enter number of days to simulate: 220

    On day 220 you have 10485760 pounds of green crud.

Using while loop

Program:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()

{

    char ans='y';

    while (ans == 'Y' || ans == 'y')

    {

         //Initial crud size

         int init = 0;

         int newCrud;

         int next=0;

         //Number of days to simulate

         int no_days;

         int day;

         cout << "Enter initial amount of green crud:

         ";

         cin >> newCrud;

         cout << "Enter number of days to simulate:

         ";

         cin >> no_days;

         for (day = 10; day<=no_days; day++)

         {

             if (day % 10 == 0)

             {

                  next = newCrud + init;

             }

                  newCrud = init;

                  init = next;

         }

         if (no_days < 5)

         cout << "\nCrud reproduce only after 5 days

         minimum.Hence the current amount is "

         << newCrud << " pounds.";

         else

         cout << "On day " << no_days << " you have "

         << init

         << " pounds of green crud." << endl;

         cout << "\nWould you like to continue? (y or

         n): ";

         cin >> ans;

    }

    return 0;

}

Output:

Enter initial amount of green crud: 5

Enter number of days to simulate: 220

On day 220 you have 10485760 pounds of green crud.

Would you like to continue? (y or n): y

Enter initial amount of green crud: 5

Enter number of days to simulate: 225

On day 225 you have 10485760 pounds of green crud.

Using do while loop

Program:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()

{

    char ans;

    do

    {

         //Initial crud size

         int init = 0;

         int newCrud;

         int next=0;

         //Number of days to simulate

         int no_days;

         int day;

         cout << "Enter initial amount of green crud: ";

         cin >> newCrud;

         cout << "Enter number of days to simulate: ";

         cin >> no_days;

         for (day = 10; day<=no_days; day++)

         {

             if (day % 10 == 0)

             {

                  next = newCrud + init;

             }

                  newCrud = init;

                  init = next;

         }

         if (no_days < 5)

         cout << "\nCrud reproduce only after 5 days

         minimum.Hence the current amount is "

         << newCrud << " pounds.";

         else

         

         cout << "On day " << no_days << " you have " <<

         init << " pounds of green crud." << endl;

         cout << "\nWould you like to continue? (y or n):

         ";

         cin >> ans;

    } while (ans == 'Y' || ans == 'y');

    return 0;

}

Output:

Enter initial amount of green crud: 5

Enter number of days to simulate: 220

On day 220 you have 10485760 pounds of green crud.

Would you like to continue? (y or n): y

Enter initial amount of green crud: 5

Enter number of days to simulate: 225

On day 225 you have 10485760 pounds of green crud.

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