Answer:
See explanation
Explanation:
Given The bar is square and has a hot-rolled finish. The loading is fully reversed bending.
Tensile Strength
Sut: 600 MPa
Maximum temperature
Tmax: 500 °C
Bar side dimension
b: 150 mm
Alternating stress
σa: 100 MPa
Reliability
R: 0.999 Note 1.
Assumptions Infinite life is required and is obtainable since this ductile steel will have an endurance limit. A reliability factor of 99.9% will be used.
Solution See Excel file Ex06-01.xls.
1 Since no endurance-limit or fatigue strength information is given, we will estimate S'e based on the ultimate tensile strength using equation 6.5a.
S'e: 300 MPa = 0.5 * Sut
2 The loading is bending so the load factor from equation 6.7a is
Cload: 1
3 The part size is greater than the test specimen and the part is not round, so an equivalent diameter based on its 95% stressed area must be determined and used to find the size factor. For a rectangular section in nonrotating bending, the A95 area is defined in Figure 6-25c and the equivalent diameter is found from equation 6.7d
A95: 1125 mm2 = 0.05 * b * b Note 2.
dequiv: 121.2 mm = SQRT(A95val / 0.0766)
and the size factor is found for this equivalent diameter from equation 6.7b, to be
Csize: 0.747 = 1.189 * dequiv^-0.097
4 The surface factor is found from equation 6.7e and the data in Table 6-3 for the specified hot-rolled finish.
Table 6-3 constants
A: 57.7
b: -0.718 Note 3.
Csurf: 0.584 = Acoeff * Sut^bCoeff
5 The temperature factor is found from equation 6.7f :
Ctemp: 0.710 = 1 - 0.0058 * (Tmax - 450)
6 The reliability factor is taken from Table 6-4 for R = 0.999 and is
Creliab: 0.753
7 The corrected endurance limit Se can now be calculated from equation 6.6:
Se: 69.94 MPa = Cload * Csize * Csurf * Ctemp *
Creliab * Sprme
Let
Se: 70 MPa
8 To create the S-N diagram, we also need a value for the estimated strength Sm at 103 cycles based on equation 6.9 for bending loading.
Sm: 540 MPa = 0.9 * Sut
9 The estimated S-N diagram is shown in Figure 6-34 with the above values of Sm and Se. The expressions of the two lines are found from equations 6.10a through 6.10c assuming that Se begins at 106 cycles.
b: -0.2958 Note 4.
a: 4165.7
Plotting Sn as a function of N from equation 6.10a
N Sn (MPa)
1000 540 =aa*B73^bb
2000 440
4000 358
8000 292
16000 238
32000 194
64000 158
128000 129
256000 105
512000 85
1000000 70
FIGURE 6-34. S-N Diagram and Alternating Stress Line Showing Failure Point
10 The number of cycles of life for any alternating stress level can now be found from equation 6.10a by replacing σa for Sn.
At N = 103 cycles,
Sn3: 540 MPa = aa * 1000^bb
At N = 106 cycles,
Sn6: 70 MPa = aa * 1000000^bb
The figure above shows the intersection of the alternating stress line (σa = 100 MPa) with the failure line at N = 3.0 x 105 cycles.
is the free flow speed.
is the Jam density.