The answer is 2 electrons.
The electron configuration of calcium is 2:8:8:2
Calcium has two electrons in its outermost shell. These are its valence electrons and are the ones used in bonding with other elements. Valence electrons of an atom are those electrons that are in its outer energy shell or that are available for bonding.
Calcium is a metal. When metals react with non-metals, electrons are transferred from the metal atoms to the non-metal atoms forming ions. The resulting compound is known as an ionic compound.
For example, when calcium metal reacts with chlorine gas, calcium gives up its two valence electrons and Chlorine accepts them resulting in a new substance called calcium chloride in which the two elements have ended up forming ionic bonds.
the compounds in which phosphorous posses the highest possible oxidation have to mention here.
The species in which phosphorous have the highest oxidation state are: H₃PO₄, P₂O₅, PCl₅
The possible oxidation state of phosphorous is III and V. The highest oxidation state is V. There are several compounds in which phosphorous posses the +5 oxidation state. Like- Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄), phosphorous pentoxide (P₂O₅), Phosphorous chloride (PCl₅) etc.
The oxidation state of an element depends upon the valence electron the valence shell of phosphorous is 3s² 3p³. Thus there are 5 electrons, as it has vacant 3d orbital thus it can easily form compound having +5 oxidation state.
The mass in a chemical reaction remains (mostly) the same.
(except for radiation/nuclear fission, in which mass gets converted into energy)
Answer:
Theoretical yield: 2.75g of paranitroaniline
Percentage yield: 54.5%
Explanation:
In strong-acid medium, acetanilide (Molar mass: 135.16g/mol) reacts producing para-nitroaniline (138.12g/mol) in a 1/1 reaction.
Theoretical yield of para-nitroaniline is the mass produced assuming a yield of 100%. That is:
2.7g acetanilide × (1mol / 135.16g) = 0.020 moles of acetanilide.
Assuming a yield of 100% are 0.020 moles of paranitroaniline. Theoretical yield is:
0.020 moles × (138.12g / mol) =
<h3>Theoretical yield: 2.75g of paranitroaniline</h3><h3 />
Percentage yield is:
(Actual yield / theoretical yield) × 100
Actual yield was 1.5g and percentage yield will be:
Percentage yield: (1.5g / 2.75g) × 100
<h3>Percentage yield: 54.5%</h3>
Answer:
Explanation:
Standard enthalpy of combustion (ΔH∘C) is the enthalpy change when 1 mole of a substance burns under standard state conditions;
