Answer:
Photosynthesis
Explanation:
Photosynthesis occurs in two stages. The first, called luminous or photochemical, depends directly on the light received, the energy of the solar rays between the wavelengths corresponding to violet, blue, orange and red light. This energy produces the excitation of electrons and causes the breakdown of water molecules, so that oxygen is released and the rest of energy is transmitted, generating ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) and NADPH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) molecules. . These components are used in the next stage, which is known as the dark phase because it does not depend directly on light. This second stage develops in the stroma, the internal aqueous space of the chloroplast. There the energy in the form of ATP and NADPH produced in the photodependent phase is used to fix the carbon dioxide as organic carbon, by means of the Calvin Cycle. This consists of a series of chemical reactions in which phosphoacylglycerides are produced with which the plant cell produces nutrients. The process results in a sugar-like compound called glucose (C6 H12 O6).
The phenomenon of photosynthesis carried out by all terrestrial and aquatic plants on the planet, and also algae and some bacteria, is essential for life on Earth. By absorbing solar energy and carbon dioxide and returning oxygen and carbohydrates, the plant kingdom becomes a fundamental part of the natural cycles of energy, carbon and oxygen.
