Answer: 483 mL of the cleaning solution are used to clean hospital equipment
Explanation:
The question requires us to calculate the volume, in mL, of solution is used to clean hospital equipment, given that 415g of this solution are used and the specific gravity of the solution is 0.860.
Measurements > Density
Specific gravity is defined as the ratio between the density of a given substance to the density of a reference material, such as water:

The density of a substance is defined as the ratio between the mass and the volume of this substance:

Considering the reference substance as water and its density as 1.00 g/mL, we can determine the density of the substance which specific gravity is 0.860:

Thus, taking water as the reference substance, we can say that the density of the cleaning solution is 0.860 g/mL.
Now that we know the density of the cleaning solution (0.860 g/mL) and the mass of solution that is used to clean hospital equipment (415g), we can calculate the volume of solution that is used to clean the equipment:

Therefore, 483 mL of the cleaning solution are used to clean hospital equipment.
Answer: b. The waste generated is hazardous and must be disposed of.
c. Nuclear material can be spilled into the ocean if reactors are near the coast.
d. A large amount of cold water is generated, which must be stored somewhere.
Explanation:
The main environmental costs for produced during the nuclear power plant consists of procurement of fuel and the thermal load is also produced with cold water discharge in the sea. This can contaminate the sea, hence, must be stored somewhere. The nuclear waste consists of radioactive substances which are hazardous for the environment. The nuclear based electricity does not produce carbon dioxide.
To do this problem it is necessary to take into account that the heat given by the unknown substance is equal to the heat absorbed by the water, but considering the correct sign:

Clearing the specific heat of the unknown substance:

Answer:
a) False
b) False
c) True
Explanation:
a) Most sulfur oxides formed during combustion come from sulfur in the air: The sulfur burns in presence of oxygen to produce sulfur oxides, the source of sulfur is anthropogenic activities (Human activities).
So the given statement is false.
b) A flue gas scrubber removes SO2 pollution in a coal-fired power plant by using lime to convert the SO2 into alcohols:
False
The lime reacts with sulfur dioxide to give carbon dioxide and calcium sulfite.

c) True
c)