Alexander Fleming and penicillin is used to help fight gram positive bacteria and other bacterial infections
Antibodies can destroy pathogens by (i) binding to and blocking the pathogen's receptors, thus causing neutralization of the pathogen, (ii) binding to the pathogen and activating complement, and (iii) binding to the pathogen and facilitating its opsonization and uptake by macrophages, which utilize their Fc receptors ...
The rate constant of the reaction K we can get it from this formula:
K=㏑2/ t1/2 and when we have this given (missing in question):
that we have one jar is labeled t = 0 S and has 16 yellow spheres inside and the jar beside it labeled t= 10 and has 8 yellow spheres and 8 blue spheres and the yellow spheres represent the reactants A and the blue represent the products B
So when after 10 s and we were having 16 yellow spheres as reactants and becomes 8 yellow and 8 blue spheres as products so it decays to the half amount so we can consider T1/2 = 10 s
a) by substitution in K formula:
∴ K = ㏑2 / 10 = 0.069
The amount of A (the reactants) after N half lives = Ao / 2^n
b) so no.of yellow spheres after 20 s (2 half-lives) = 16/2^2 = 4
and the blue spheres = Ao - no.of yellow spheres left = 16 - 4 = 12
c) The no.of yellow spheres after 30 s (3 half-lives) = 16/2^3 = 2
and the blue spheres = 16 - 2 = 14
Take a look at their electronegativity values for this one. Electronegativity is the relative attraction that a atom in a molecule has for the shared pair of electrons in a covalent bond<span>. Salt is Sodium Chloride which is NaCl. Na has an electronegativity value of 0.93. Cl has an electronegativity value of 3.16. The difference between the two is 2.23. This is much higher than 1.7 (a pure covalent bond e.g. Oxygen-Oxygen bond O2) therefore it is a highly ionic compound. If this was less than 1.7 it would be a polar covalent molecule. </span>
