a. Hydrogen
Hydrogen has a line at 410 nm.
Mercury has a line at 405 nm.
Sodium and neon have no lines near 412 nm.
Answer is: the hydronium ion concentratio is 1.71×10⁻⁷ mol/dm³ and pH<6.76.
The Kw (the ionization constant of water) at 40°C is 2.94×10⁻¹⁴ mol²/dm⁶ or 2.94×10⁻¹⁴ M².
Kw = [H₃O⁺] · [OH⁻].
[H₃O⁺] = [OH⁻] = x.
Kw = x².
x = √Kw.
x = √2.94×10⁻¹⁴ M².
x = [H₃O⁺] = 1.71×10⁻⁷ M; concentration of hydronium ion.
pH = -log[H₃O⁺].
pH = -log(1.71×10⁻⁷ M).
pH = 6.76.
pH (potential of hydrogen) is a numeric scale used to specify the acidity or basicity an aqueous solution.
Answer: Yes, is a strong acid.
acid = , conjugate base = , base = , conjugate acid =
Explanation:
According to the Bronsted-Lowry conjugate acid-base theory, an acid is defined as a substance which looses donates protons and thus forming conjugate base and a base is defined as a substance which accepts protons and thus forming conjugate acid.
Yes is a strong acid as it completely dissociates in water to give ions.
For the given chemical equation:
Here, is loosing a proton, thus it is considered as an acid and after losing a proton, it forms which is a conjugate base.
And, is gaining a proton, thus it is considered as a base and after gaining a proton, it forms which is a conjugate acid.
Thus acid =
conjugate base =
base =
conjugate acid = .
Step 1: Write the unbalanced equation,
C₂H₆ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂<span>O
There are 2 C at left hand side and 1 carbon at right hand side. So, multiply CO</span>₂ by 2 to balance C atoms at both side. So,
C₂H₆ + O₂ → 2 CO₂ + H₂O
Now, count number of H atoms at both sides. There are 6 H atoms at left hand side and 2 at right hand side. Multiply H₂O by 3 to balance H atoms.
C₂H₆ + O₂ → 2 CO₂ + 3 H₂O
At last, balance O atoms. There are 2 O atoms at left hand side and 3 O atoms at right hand side. Multiply O₂ with 1.5 (i.e. 3/2) to balance O atoms. i.e.
C₂H₆ + 3/2 O₂ → 2 CO₂ + 3 H₂O
Hence, the equation is balanced. If you want to make equation fraction free then multiply all equation with 2. i.e.
( C₂H₆ + 3/2 O₂ → 2 CO₂ + 3 H₂O ) × 2
2 C₂H₆ + 3 O₂ → 4 CO₂ + 6 H₂O
Answer:
74mL
Explanation:
Given parameters:
Molar mass of citric acid = 192g/mol
Molar mass of baking soda = 84g/mol
Concentration of citric acid = 0.8M
Mass of baking powder = 15g
Unknown parameters:
Volume of citric acid = ?
Solution
Equation of the reaction:
C₆H₈O₇ + 3NaHCO₃ → Na₃C₆H₅O₇ + 3H₂O + 3CO₂
Procedure:
- We work from the known parameters to the unknown. From the statement of the problem, we can approach the solution from the parameters of the baking powder.
- From the baking powder, we can establish a molar relationship between the two reactants. We employ the mole concept in this regard.
- We find the number of moles of the baking powder that went into the reaction using the expression below:
Number of moles =
Number of moles = = 0.179mole
- From the equation of the reaction, we can find the number of moles of the citric acid:
3 moles of baking powder reacted with 1 mole of citric acid
0.179 moles of baking powder would react with :
This yields 0.059mole of citric acid
- To find the volume of the citric acid, we use the mole expression below:
Volume of citric acid =
Volume of citric acid = = 0.074L
Expressing in mL gives 74mL