Answer:
Different isotopes of the same element have the same number of protons in their atomic nuclei but differing numbers of neutrons. Radioisotopes are radioactive isotopes of an element. They can also be defined as atoms that contain an unstable combination of neutrons and protons, or excess energy in their nucleus.
The molar mass of the product is equal to 62g/mol.
<h3>Mole calculation</h3>
To calculate the molar mass of a compound it is necessary to have knowledge of the atomic mass of all the elements involved.
In the case of the question, we have the reaction between flourine and magnesium, which represents the element of group 2 with the presented electronic configuration.
Thus, we have the following reaction:
So, just add the molar masses, having:
So, the molar mass of the product, round to the nearest tenth, is equal to 62g/mol.
Learn more about mole calculation in: brainly.com/question/2845237
Answer:
The type of chemical mutagen to choose depends on the intended effect. In this case, the best ones are acridines and nitrous acid.
Explanation:
Brenner et al. proposed that acridines induce mutations by causing deletions or additions of single base pairs during replication. Acridines bind to DNA by intercalation between adjacent base pairs. Acridines inactivate extracellular phage by photodynamic action but the necessary conditions for this killing
are avoided in the procedure for acridine-induced mutation of reproducing phage. The lack of reported acridine-induced mutation in organisms other than phage raises some questions as to the generality of its
mutagenesis, thus making it a good type of compounds to induce specific mutations.
In the other hand, nitrous acid deaminates the amino bases adenine, cytosine (and hydroxymethylcytosine) , and guanine in nucleic acids.
Analysis of the effect of differences of pH during nitrous acid treatment
of phage DNA showed that the rate of killing was affected similarly to
the rate of guanine deamination, and that the rates of induced r mutation was affected similarly to the rates of adenine and hydroxymethylcytosine deamination. Ascribing the induced mutations to deamination of adenine and cytosine is reasonable in terms of the hydrogen bonding of their products and the Watson-Crick base pairing schemes. Since this inorganic acid is molecule-specific, it would also be used to induce certain mutations in bacteria without causing transition mutations.
Answer: The student observed only one liquid phase because The student removed the aqueous layer instead of the organic layer and then added organic solvent to more organic layer. Diethyl ether is less dense than water.
Explanation:
In organic chemistry, which is the chemistry of carbon atoms, liquid-liquid extraction techniques are used to separate solutes from its crude reaction mixtures. An example of liquid- liquid extraction technique used is the Separatory funnel.
The Separatory funnel extraction technique allows the separation of solutes based on their solubilities in two immiscible liquids. This appears as two phases or layers with the organic solvent on top while the aqueous solution is below the funnel. This is because the organic solvents are less dense than the aqueous solution.
From the question, the student had a dissolved organic compound in an aqueous solution and was given an organic solvent, diethyl ether for its extraction. When the first 10ml of ether was added, the dissolved organic compound mixed with it and remained in the top layer of the mixture. The student removes the lower layer after the first extraction and adds the second 10mL portion of ether to the upper layer remaining in the separatory funnel. After shaking the funnel, the student observes only one liquid phase with no interface because more organic solvent was added to the organic layer that remained after the aqueous layer was removed.
Net ionic equation for
<span>HClO4(aq) + NaOH(aq) --> H2O (l) + NaClO4(aq).
</span>
for the molecular equation
<span>HClO4 (aq) + NaOH(aq) --> H2O (l) + NaClO4 (aq) </span>
<span>the ionic equation is </span>
<span>H+ + ClO4- + Na+ + OH- --> H2O(l) + Na+ + ClO4- </span>
<span>now remove the spectator ions (Na+ and ClO4-) to give the net ionic equation </span>
H+ + OH- --> H2O(l)