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Allisa [31]
3 years ago
9

Covalent bonding is important between atoms of biological molecules, but other factors are important for self-assembly. For exam

ple, hydrogen bonds between base-pairs in DNA hold the two strands together. Complete the sentences describing the general principles regarding how groups or molecules interact.
Match the words in the left column to the appropriate blanks in the sentences on the right.
1. When deciding which side of a biomolecule would orient itself toward the water in cytoplasm, the groups would be directed toward the water.
a. molecules.
b. polar
nonpolar
2. When deciding which biomolecules would interact with a hydrocarbon chain, the portions of a biomolecule would orient themselves toward the c.
c. chain
d. carbon
repelled by
3. Polar groups in biomolecules are often characterized by functional groups containing elements such
e. attracted to
f. nitrogen
4. Nonpolar groups in biomolecules are often characterized by functional groups containing the element
5. When looking at ionizable groups, two ions of the same charge, such as two cations, are each other while two ions of the opposite charge, such as one cation and one anion each other.
Chemistry
1 answer:
Gekata [30.6K]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

1. Polar

2 nonpolar

3. Nitrogen or oxygen

4.carbon

5.Repelled by and attracted to

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Answer:

Explanation:

From the given information;

The chemical reaction can be well presented as follows:

\mathtt{SO_{2(g)} + \dfrac{1}{2}O_{2(g)} }  ⇄ \mathtt{3SO_{2(l)}}

Now, K is known to be the equilibrium constant and it can be represented in terms of each constituent activity:

i.e

K = \dfrac{a_{so_3}}{a_{so_2} a_{o_2}^{\frac{1}{2}}}

However, since we are dealing with liquids solutions;

K = \dfrac{1}{\dfrac{Pso_2}{P^0}\Big ( \dfrac{Po_2}{P^0} \Big)^{1/2}}   since the activity of a_{so_3} is equivalent to 1

Hence, under standard conditions(i.e at a pressure of 1 bar)

K = \dfrac{1}{Pso_2Po_2^{1/2}}

(b)

From the CRC Handbook, we are meant to determine the value of the Gibb free energy by applying the formula:

\Delta _{rxn} G^o = \sum \Delta_f \ G^o (products) - \sum \Delta_fG^o (reactants) \\ \\ = (1) (-368 \ kJ/mol) - (\dfrac{1}{2}) (0) - ((1) (-300.13 \ kJ/mol)) \\ \\ = -368 \ kJ/mol + 300.13 \ kJ/mol \\ \\  \simeq -68 \ kJ/mol

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(c)

Le's recall that:

At equilibrium, the instantaneous free energy is usually zero &

Q(reaction quotient) is equivalent to K(equilibrium constant)

So;

\mathtt{\Delta _{rxn} G = \Delta _{rxn} G^o + RT In Q}

\mathtt{0- \Delta _{rxn} G^o = RTIn K } \\ \\ \mathtt{ \Delta _{rxn} G^o = -RTIn K }  \\ \\  K = e^{\dfrac{\Delta_{rxn} G^o}{RT}} \\ \\  K = e^{^{\dfrac{67900 \ J/mol}{8.314 \ J/mol \times 298 \ K}} }

K =7.98390356\times 10^{11} \\ \\  \mathbf{K = 7.98 \times 10^{11}}

(d)

The direction by which the reaction will proceed can be determined if we can know the value of Q(reaction quotient).

This is because;

If  Q < K, then the reaction will proceed in the right direction towards the products.

However, if Q > K , then the reaction goes to the left direction. i.e to the reactants.

So;

Q= \dfrac{1}{Pso_2Po_2^{1/2}}

Since we are dealing with liquids;

Q= \dfrac{1}{1 \times 1^{1/2}}

Q = 1

Since Q < K; Then, the reaction proceeds in the right direction.

Hence, SO2 as well O2 will combine to yield SO3, then condensation will take place to form liquid.

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