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4 years ago

According to its periodic table entry, how many electrons does nickel have in its valence level?

Physics

2 answers:

steposvetlana [31]4 years ago

5 0

2 valence electrons

Explanation:

Electron configuration of nickel (Ni):

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d⁸

The valence electrons are in the electronic shell with the higher principal quantum number (n). In our case, nickel have 2 electrons in the 4s², with the n = 4.

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electrons in the valence level

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Anna11 [10]4 years ago

4 0

Answer:

Nickel has 2 electrons in its valence level.

Explanation:

The Electronic Configuration of the elements is the arrangement of all electrons of an element in energy levels and sub-levels (orbitals).

There are 7 energy levels, numbered from 1 to 7. Each level is divided into sub-levels. These sub-levels into which each level is divided can be up to 4. These 4 sub-levels are called: s, p, d, f.

According to the periodic table entry, you can see that the nickel has an electronic configuration of [Ar] 3d⁸ 4s²

The number that precedes the representative letter of each orbital or sub-level indicates the level of energy where the electron is located, the letter indicates the type of orbital or sub-level where the electron is located and the exponent indicates the number of electrons found in the orbital.

Note that Ar is the noble gas of the previous period. In square brackets, as shown in the case of nickel, indicates the internal electronic structure of the element. So the electronic configuration of the nickel is:

1s² 2s² 2 p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁸ 4s²

Valencia electrons are the electrons found in the last electronic layer (called valence orbitals). The last electronic layer is the layer furthest from the nucleus, which in this case can be seen to be the electronic layer or level 4. At this level you can see the letter s, which, as mentioned, indicates the type of orbital where the electrons are located, and the exponent 2, which indicates the number of electrons found in said orbital.

So, nickel has 2 electrons in its valence level.

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stiks02 [169]

The best answer to go with is b

7 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

At an altitude of 5000 m the rocket's acceleration has increased to 6.9 m/s2 . What mass of fuel has it burned?

sergey [27]

1) Initial upward acceleration: $6.0 m/s^2$

2) Mass of burned fuel: $0.10\cdot 10^4 kg$

Explanation:

There are two forces acting on the rocket at the beginning:

- The force of gravity, of magnitude $F_g = mg$ , in the downward direction, where

$m=1.9\cdot 10^4 kg$ is the rocket's mass

$g=9.8 m/s^2$ is the acceleration of gravity

- The thrust of the motor, T, in the upward direction, of magnitude

$T=3.0\cdot 10^5 N$

According to Newton's second law of motion, the net force on the rocket must be equal to the product between its mass and its acceleration, so we can write:

$T-mg=ma$ (1)

where a is the acceleration of the rocket.

Solving for a, we find the initial acceleration:

$a=\frac{T-mg}{m}=\frac{3.0\cdot 10^5-(1.9\cdot 10^4)(9.8)}{1.9\cdot 10^4}=6.0 m/s^2$

When the rocket reaches an altitude of 5000 m, its acceleration has increased to

$a'=6.9 m/s^2$

The reason for this increase is that the mass of the rocket has decreased, because the rocket has burned some fuel.

We can therefore rewrite eq.(1) as

$T-m'g=m'a'$

where

$m'$ is the new mass of the rocket

Re-arranging the equation and solving for m', we find

$m'=\frac{T}{g+a}=\frac{3.0\cdot 10^5}{9.8+6.9}=1.8\cdot 10^4 kg$

And since the initial mass of the rocket was

$m=1.9 \cdot 10^4 kg$

This means that the mass of fuel burned is

$\Delta m = m-m'=1.9\cdot 10^4 - 1.80\cdot 10^4 = 0.10\cdot 10^4 kg$

3 0

3 years ago

An object moves in a circle at a constant speed of 1.0 m/s. The radius of the circle is 1.0 m. If a force of 1.0 N acts toward t

Vlad1618 [11]

Answer:5

Explanation:

Given

speed of object $v=1\ m/s$

radius of circle $r=1\ m$

Force towards the center $F=1\ N$

Work done is given by the dot product of Force and displacement

and we know know displacement of the object is along the circle which is perpendicular to the force acting therefore Work done will be zero

$W=F\cdot s\cos 90$

$W=0$

4 0

3 years ago

Help!!! I need it today Thank you in advance

svlad2 [7]

Answer:

F = - k (x-xo) a graph of the weight or applied force against the elongation obtaining a line already proves Hooke's law.

Explanation:

The student wants to prove hooke's law which has the form

F = - k (x-xo)

To do this we hang the spring in a vertical position and mark the equilibrium position on a tape measure, to simplify the calculations we can make this point zero by placing our reference system in this position.

Now for a series of known masses let's get them one by one and measure the spring elongation, building a table of weight vs elongation,

we must be careful when hanging the weights so as not to create oscillations in the spring

we look for the mass of each weight

W = mg

m = W / g

and we write them in a new column, we make a graph of the weight or applied force against the elongation and it should give a straight line; the slope of this line is sought, which is the spring constant.

The fact of obtaining a line already proves Hooke's law.

5 0

3 years ago

An object is originally moving at a constant velocity of 8 m/s in the -x direction. It moves at this constant velocity for 3 sec

aivan3 [116]

Answer:

244.64m

Explanation:

First, we find the distance traveled with constant velocity. It's simply multiplying velocity time the time that elapsed:

$x = V*t = -8\frac{m}{s} *3s = -24m$

After this, the ball will start traveling with a constant acceleration motion. Due to the fact that the acceleration is the opposite direction to the initial velocity, this motion will have 2 phases:

1. The velocity will start to decrease untill it reaches 0m/s.

2. Then, the velocity will start to increase at the rate of the acceleration.

The distance that the ball travels in the first phase can be found with the following expression:

$v^2 = v_0^2 + 2a*d$

Where v is the final velocity (0m/s), v_0 is the initial velocity (-8m/s) and a is the acceleration (+9m/s^2). We solve for d:

$d = \frac{v^2 - v_0^2}{2a} = \frac{(0m/s)^2 - (-8m/s)^2}{2*7m/s^2}= -4.57m$

Now, before finding the distance traveled in the second phase, we need to find the time that took for the velocity to reach 0:

$t_1 = \frac{v}{a} = \frac{8m/s}{7m/s^2} = 1.143 s$

Then, the time of the second phase will be:

$t_2 = 9s - t_1 = 9s - 1.143s = 7.857s$

Using this, we using the equations for constant acceleration motion in order to calculate the distance traveled in the second phase:

$x = \frac{1}{2}a*t^2 + v_0*t + x_0$

V_0, the initial velocity of the second phase, will be 0 as previously mentioned. X_0, the initial position, will be 0, for simplicity:

$x = \frac{1}{2}*7\frac{m}{s^2}*t^2 + 0m/s*t + 0m = 216.07m$

So, the total distance covered by this object in meters will be the sum of all the distances we found:

$x_total = 24m + 4.57m + 216.07m = 244.64m$

8 0

3 years ago