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Andre45 [30]
3 years ago
10

Which of the following statements, if true, would support the claim that the NO3− ion, represented above, has three resonance st

ructures? The NO3− ion is not a polar species. A The oxygen-to-nitrogen-to-oxygen bond angles are 90°. B One of the bonds in NO3− is longer than the other two. C One of the bonds in NO3− is shorter than the other two.
Chemistry
1 answer:
tester [92]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

One of the bonds in nitrate is shorter than the other two.

Explanation:

We would firstly need to draw the Lewis structure for nitrate anion. To do this, let's follow the standard steps:

  • calculate the total number of valence electrons: five from nitrogen, each oxygen contributes 6, so a total of 18 from oxygen atoms, as well as one from the negative charge, we have a total of 24 valence electrons;
  • assign the central atom, usually this is the atom which is single; in this case, we have nitrogen as our central atom;
  • assign single bonds to all the terminal atoms (oxygen atoms);
  • assign octets to the terminal atoms and calculate the number of electrons assigned;
  • the number of electrons assigned is 24, so no lone pairs are present on nitrogen;
  • calculate the formal charges: each oxygen has a formal charge of -1 (formal charge is calculated subtracting the sum of lone pair electrons and bonds from the number of valence electrons of that atom); nitrogen has a formal charge of +2;
  • nitrogen doesn't have an octet as well, so we'll both minimize its formal charge and make it obtain an octet if we make one double bond N=O.

Therefore, we may have 3 resonance structures, as this double bond might be formed with any of the 3 oxygen atoms.

By definition, double bonds are shorter than single ones, so one of the bonds is shorter than the other two.

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Match the prefixes. 1. 1 hex- 2. 2 eth- 3. 3 prop- 4. 4 hept- 5. 5 non- 6. 6 dec- 7. 7 pent- 8. 8 but- 9. 9 meth- 10. 10 oct-
erma4kov [3.2K]

Hi!

All these prefixes are commonly employed in the nomenclature in organic chemistry. These are associated with organic compounds, such as alkanes, alkenes, alcohols and carboxylic acids -and these prefixes are known as word root.

<h3>The answers would be:</h3><h3>a) 1 - meth</h3>

Meth is associated with the number one, in that it signifies the presence of one carbon in the compound in concern. For instance, a one carbon alkane would be known as methane -with <em>ane </em>being indicative of the compound being an alkane, and meth denoting the presence of one carbon

<h3>b) 2 - eth</h3>

Eth is the associated prefix with the number 2 as it denotes the presence of 2 carbon atoms in the compound. For instance, the compound ethene gets it name for having 2 carbon atoms (denoted by eth). The eth acts as a prefix to the characteristic <em>ene</em> of alkenes.

<h3>c) 3 - prop</h3>

Prop is the prefix that signifies the presence of 3 carbons in the compound in concern. For instance, propanol is a three carbon alcohol, which we can tell by the name. Prop indicating three carbons in the compound, and <em>anol</em> being indicative of the compound being an alcohol.

<h3>d) 4 - but</h3>

But is associated with the number one, in that it denotes the presence of 4 carbons in the compound. For instance, a 4 carbon carboxylic acid would be known as butanoic acid -with anoic<em> </em>being indicative of the compound being a carboxylic acid, and but signifying the presence of four carbons.

<h3>e) 5 - pent</h3>

Pent is the associated prefix with the number five as it denotes the presence of five carbon atoms in the compound. For instance, the compound pentene gets it name for having five carbon atoms (denoted by pent). The pent acts as a prefix to the characteristic <em>ene</em> of alkenes.

<h3>f) 6 - hex</h3>

Hex is the prefix that signifies the presence of six carbons in the compound in question. For instance, a six carbon alkane would be known as hexane -with <em>ane </em>being indicative of the compound being an alkane, and hex denoting the presence of one carbon

<h3>g) 7 - hept</h3>

Hept is the associated prefix with the number seven as it denotes the presence of seven carbon atoms in the compound. For instance, the compound heptene gets it name for having seven carbon atoms (denoted by hept). The hept acts as a prefix to the characteristic <em>ene</em> of alkenes.

<h3>h) 8 - oct</h3>

Oct is the prefix that is associated with the number 8. This is because it denotes the presence of eight carbon atoms in the compound. For instance, the compound octane gets it name for having eight carbon atoms (denoted by oct). The oct acts as a prefix to the characteristic <em>ane</em> of alkanes.

<h3>i) 9 - non</h3>

Non is the prefix that is associated with the number nine, and thus denotes the presence of nine carbon atoms in the compound. For instance, for alkanes, a nonane would be a nine carbon atom alkane, with non denoting the presence of nine carbon atoms, and <em>ane</em> being indicative that the compound it an alkane.

<h3>j) 10- dec</h3>

Dec is the prefix that is associated with the number nine, and thus denotes the presence of nine carbon atoms in the compound. For instance, for alkanes, a decane would be an alkane with ten carbon atoms, with dec denoting the presence of ten carbon atoms, and <em>ane</em> being indicative that the compound it an alkane.

<h3>Hope this helps!</h3>
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Answer:

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Kinetic isotope effect refers to the change in the rate of reaction owing to a change of one of the atoms of the reactants by replacing it with one of its isotopes.

Since we know that the C-D bond is stronger than the C-H bond, when we replace hydrogen with deuterium in a reaction's rate determining step we experience a little lag in the rate of reaction. This is referred to as the kinetic isotope effect in physical organic chemistry.

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Answer:

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Explanation:

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