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alexdok [17]
3 years ago
7

A firecracker in a coconut blows the coconut into three pieces. Twopieces of equal mass fly off south and west, perpendicular to

eachother, at 18 m/s. The third piece has twice the mass asthe other two.Part 1 What is the speed of the third piece? (Answer in 2 sig figs andm/s)Part 2 What is the direction of the third piece? (Answer in 2 sig figs anddegrees north of east)
Physics
1 answer:
loris [4]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

V = 13m/s

North-East (i.e. 45 degree from North)

Explanation:

This question deals with the idea of momentum.

Since the directions of a compass are fixed, we can take south as horizontal and west as vertical. Since both pieces of coconut are of equal mass, then the resultant of the two pieces would be in between South and West and the third piece would be opposite this direction and be in the North-East (i.e. 45 degree from North) direction

To find the speed of the third piece, we first find the speed on the two pieces of the coconut in terms of V_{x} (horizontal component of velocity) and V_{y} (vertical component of velocity)

We have

V_{y} = Velocity in South direction = 18m/s

m_{y} = Mass of piece in South direction = m

V_{x} = Velocity in West direction = 18m/s

m_{x} = Mass of piece in West direction = m

V_{ry} = Velocity of Third Piece in North direction = unknown

V_{rx} = Velocity of Third Piece in East direction = unknown

m = Mass of third piece = 2m

mV_{ry}  = m_{y} V_{y} \\ 2mV_{ry}  = m18\\ V_{ry} = 9

mV_{rx}  = m_{x} V_{x} \\ 2mV_{rx}  = m18\\ V_{rx} = 9

Since we now know the horizontal and vertical component of the velocity of the third piece of coconut we find the resultant velocity. Since we know the direction is North-East, we can imagine a right angled triangle with base of 9 and height 9 and the hypotenuse equal to the resultant velocity .

We can simply apply the Pythagoras theorem and find the hypotenuse

Hypotenuse^{2}  = Height^{2}  + Base^{2} \\ V_{3}^2  = 9^{2} + 9^{2} \\ V = 12.728 m/s

V = 13m/s

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Answer:

A opção A está correta.

O sistema formado pela garrafa térmica e a água perde 400 cal de calor para o meio ambiente.

Option A is correct.

The system formed by the thermos and the water loses 400 cal of heat to the environment.

Explanation:

Quando a temperatura de um sistema reduz, fica claro que o sistema perdeu calor ou energia térmica. Como a temperatura é um dos indicadores mais claros disso, esta conclusão é hermética e correta.

Mas, para saber a quantidade de calor perdida para o meio ambiente, agora fazemos alguns cálculos de energia térmica.

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O sinal de menos mostra que o calor é transferido para fora do sistema, ou seja, o calor é perdido no sistema.

Espero que isto ajude!!!

English Translation

The thermos (also known as "Dewar vase") is an extremely useful device to conserve bodies (essentially liquid) at high temperatures, minimizing energy exchanges with the environment, which is generally colder. A thermos contains water at 60 o C. The thermos + water set has a thermal capacity of C = 80 cal / o C. The system is placed on a table and, after a considerable period of time, its temperature decreases to 55 o C. In this case, it is concluded that the system formed by the thermos and the water inside:

a) lost 400 cal. B) gained 404cal. C) lost 4 850 cal. D) gained 4 850 cal. E) did not exchange heat with the external environment.

Solution

When a system's temperature reduces, it is clear to conclude that the system has lost heat or thermal energy. Since temperature is one of clearest indicators of this, this conclusion is airtight and correct.

But, to know the amount of heat lost to the environment, we now do some thermal energy calculations.

Heat transferrred from or to the water and thermos system = c × ΔT

c = heat capacity of the water and thermos system = 80 cal/°C

ΔT = Change in temperature of the water and thermos system = (final temperature) - (initial temperature)

= 55 - 60 = -5°C

Heat transferred = 80 × -5 = -400 cal.

The minus sign shows that the heat is transferred out of the system, that is, the heat is lost from the system.

Hope this Helps!!!

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Answer:

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