Answer:
-0.912 m/s
Explanation:
When the package is thrown out, momentum is conserved. The total momentum after is the same as the total momentum before, which is 0, since the boat was initially at rest.

where
are the mass of the child, the boat and the package, respectively.
are the velocity of the package and the boat after throwing.



Answer:
0.000003782 m
0.000001891 m
0.000001197125 m
Explanation:
= Wavelength = 248 nm
D = Diameter of beam = 1 cm
f = Focal length = 0.625 cm
The angle is given by

The width is given by

The required width is 0.000003782 m
Minimum resolvable line separation is given by

The minimum resolvable line separation between adjacent lines is 0.000001891 m
when 

The new minimum resolvable line separation between adjacent lines is

They can be described as small in quantity and very dangerously radioactive.