Primary alkyl halides tend to undergo the SN2 reaction mechanism in nucleophilic substitution since there is less steric hindrance for nucleophilic attack and the carbocations that they form are not as stable as those formed from tertiary alkyl halides.
1-bromopentane > 1-bromo 2-methylbutane > <span>1-bromo-3-methylbutane</span>> 2-bromo 2-methylbutane
Answer:
XCH₄ = 0.461
XCO₂ = 0.539
Explanation:
Step 1: Given data
- Partial pressure of methane (pCH₄): 431 mmHg
- Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO₂): 504 mmHg
Step 2: Calculate the total pressure in the container
We will sum both partial pressures.
P = pCH₄ + pCO₂
P = 431 mmHg + 504 mmHg = 935 mmHg
Step 3: Calculate the mole fraction of each gas
We will use the following expression.
Xi = pi / P
XCH₄ = pCH₄/P = 431 mmHg/935 mmHg = 0.461
XCO₂ = pCO₂/P = 504 mmHg/935 mmHg = 0.539
213034 torr is the osmotic pressure.
Explanation:
osmotic pressure is calculated by the formula:
osmotic pressure= iCrT
where i= no. of solute
c= concentration in mol/litre
R= Universal Gas constant
T = temp
It is given that solution is 3% which is 3gms in 100 ml.
let us calculate the concentration in moles/litre
3gm/100ml*1000ml/1L*1mol NaCl/55.84g NaCl
= 5.372 gm/litre
Putting the values in the formula, Temp in Kelvin 318.5K
osmotic pressure= 2*5.372*0.083 * 318.5 Gas constant 0.083
= 284.023 bar or 213018 torr. c= 5.372 moles/L
i=2 for NaCl
<span>The high-energy electron travels down an electron transport chain, losing energy as it goes.
Some of the released energy drives pumping of </span><span><span>\text H^+<span>H<span><span>+</span><span></span></span></span></span>H, start superscript, plus, end superscript</span><span> ions from the stroma into the thylakoid interior, building a gradient.
</span><span><span>H^+<span>H<span><span>+</span><span></span></span></span></span>H, start superscript, plus, end superscript</span><span> ions from the splitting of water also add to the gradient.
</span><span><span> H^+<span>H<span><span>+</span><span></span></span></span></span>H, start superscript, plus, end superscript</span><span> ions flow down their gradient and into the stroma, they pass through ATP synthase, driving ATP production in a process known as </span>chemiosmosis<span>.</span>
