Similarities and differences between covalent bonds and molecular interactions

1 answer:

3 0

Covalent bonds are formed between atoms which have
- unsatisfied valency 
- no inert gas electronic configuration 
- These are directional bonds 
- formed by sharing of electrons 

Intermolecular forces 
- much weaker than covalent bond 
- These are not directional (except Hydrogen bonds) 
- These are more electrostatic in nature 
- exist between stable molecules 
- can be Hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole and induced dipole-induced dipole

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You are given an aqueous solution and are asked to analyze it for the presence (or absence) of Ag+(aq), Ca2+(aq), and/or Hg2+(aq

pantera1 [17]

Answer:

Explanation:

In the first step, hydrochloric acid (HCl) is added to the solution. In this case the equilibrium that could take place is:

Ag⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq) ↔ AgCl(s)

But no precipitate was formed, so Ag⁺(aq) is absent.

By adding H₂SO₄(aq) the next equilibrium that could take place is:

Ca⁺²(aq) + SO₄⁻²(aq) ↔ CaSO₄(s)

A white precipitate was formed, so Ca⁺² is present in the solution.

The following could take place after adding H₂S(aq):

Hg²⁺(aq) + S⁻² ↔ HgS(s)

A black precipitate formed, so Hg⁺² is present as well.

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3 years ago

Draw the addition product formed when one equivalent of hcl reacts with the following diene.

pashok25 [27]

Answer:

Major Product = 4-chloro-4-methylcyclohex-1-ene

Explanation:

Alkene are the class of organic compounds which contain one or more double bonds between two carbon atoms. Alkenes are considered most reactive among the unsaturated hydrocarbons and they undergo addition reactions due to high electron density around the double bonds.

In given question it is written that we are provided with one equivalent of HCl while, our compound contains two double bonds (diene) so in selected starting material the HCl will be added across (hydrohalogenation reaction) the substituted double bond because it will give a more stable carbocation (tertiary carbocation) during the reaction course. Hence, as shown in reaction scheme 4-chloro-4-methylcyclohex-1-ene will be the major product.