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3 years ago

Using the solubility graph place the substances in order from most soluble (#1) to least soluble at 40°C. KNO3, NaClO3,KBr, NaCl

Chemistry

1 answer:

mestny [16]3 years ago

7 0

Answer:

NaClO₃ > KBr > KNO₃ > NaCl.

Explanation:

The attached file contains the graph with the solubility curves for the four substances, KNO₃, NaClO₃, KBr, NaCl.

To determine the solubility of each salt at a certain temperature, you read the temperature on the horizontal axis, labeled Temperature (ºC), and move upward up to intersecting the curve of the corresponding salt. Then, move horizontally up to insersceting the vertical axis, labeled Solubility (g/100g of H₂O), to read the solubility.

The higher the reading on the vertical axis, the higher the solubility.

The red vertical line that I added is at a temperature of 40ºC.

The number in blue indicate the order in which the solubility curves are intersected at that temperature:

4: NaCl: this is the lowest solubility
3: KNO₃: this is the second lowest solubility
2: KBr: this is the third lowest solubility
1: NaClO₃: this is the highest solubility.

Thus, the rank, from most soluble to least soluble is:

NaClO₃ > KBr > KNO₃ > NaCl.

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Sighting along the C2-C3 bond of 2-methylbutane, the least stable conformation (Newman projection) has a total energy strain of

natima [27]

Answer:

21 KJ/mol

Explanation:

For this question, we have to start with the linear structure of 2-methylbutane. With the linear structure, we can start to propose all the Newman projections keep it in mind that the point of view is between carbons 2 and 3 (see figure 1).

Additionally, we have several energy values for each interaction present in the Newman structures:

-) Methyl-methyl gauche: 3.8 KJ/mol

-) Methyl-H eclipse: 6.0 KJ/mol

-) Methyl-methyl eclipse: 11.0 KJ/mol

-) H-H eclipse: 4.0 KJ/mol

Now, we can calculate the energy for each molecule.

Molecule A

In this molecule, we have 2 Methyl-methyl gauche interactions only, so:

(3.8x2) = 7.6 KJ/mol

Molecule B

In this molecule, we have a Methyl-methyl eclipse interaction a Methyl-H eclipse interaction and an H-H eclipse interaction, so:

(11)+(6)+(4) = 21 KJ/mol

Molecule C

In this molecule, we have 1 Methyl-methyl gauche interaction only, so:

3.8 KJ/mol

Molecule D

In this molecule, we have three Methyl-H eclipse interaction, so:

(6*3) = 18 KJ/mol

Molecule E

In this molecule, we have 1 Methyl-methyl gauche interaction only, so:

3.8 KJ/mol

Molecule F

In this molecule, we have a Methyl-methyl eclipse interaction a Methyl-H eclipse interaction and an H-H eclipse interaction, so:

(11)+(6)+(4) = 21 KJ/mol

The structures with higher energies would be less stable. In this case, structures B and F with an energy value of 21 KJ/mol (see figure 2).

I hope it helps!

3 0

3 years ago

You are given solutions of hcl and naoh and must determine their concentrations. you use 27.5 ml of naoh to titrate 100.0 ml of

Dafna1 [17]

1) Start by standardizing the solution of NaOH by using the solution of H2SO4 whose concentration is known.

2) Equation:

2Na OH + H2SO4 --> Na2 SO4 + 2H2O

3) molar ratios

2 mol NaOH : 1 mol H2SO4

4) Number of moles of H2SO4 in 50.0 ml of 0.0782 M solution

M = n / V => n = M*V = 0.0782 M * 0.050 l = 0.00391 mol H2SO4

5) Number of moles of NaOH

2 moles NaOH / 1mol H2SO4 * 0.00391 mol H2SO4 = 0.00782 mol NaOH

6) Concentration of the solution of NaOH

M = n / V = 0.00782 mol / 0.0184 ml = 0.425 M

7) Standardize the solution of HCl

Chemical reaction:

NaOH + HCl --> NaCl + H2O

8) Molar ratios

1 mol NaOH : 1 mol HCl

9) Number of moles of NaOH in 27.5 ml

M = n / V => n = M * V = 0.425 M * 0.0275 l = 0.01169 moles NaOH

10) Number of moles of HCl

1 mol HCl / 1mol NaOH * 0.01169 mol NaOH = 0.01169 mol HCl

11) Concentration of the solution of HCl

M = n / V = 0.01169 mol / 0.100 l = 0.1169 M

Rounded to 3 significant figures = 0.117 M

Answers:

[NaOH] = 0.425 M
[HCl] = 0.117 M

3 0

3 years ago