I’m not sure if this will help but I found: https://prezi.com/l0fa6du3b9kp/going-off-the-grid-assignment/?fallback=1 and
The zone that gases always accelerate upward is the Luminous flame zone. The fire plume is the column of hot gases, flames and smoke rising above a fire. Gases accelerate upward toward the always luminous flame zone. The luminous flame height is the distance between the base of a flame and the point at which the plume is luminous half the time and transparent half the time.
29.213 cm3
First, calculate the mass of the water used. You do this by subtracting the original mass of the flask from the combined mass of the water and flask, giving:60.735 g - 31.601 g = 29.134 g
So we now know we have 29.134 g of water. To calculate the volume of the flask, simply divide by the density of the water, giving:29.134 g / (0.9973 g/cm3) = 29.213 cm3
