Answer: A) Nonmetal carbon shares valence electrons with each nonmetal chlorine forming four covalent bonds.
Explanation: Covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons between atoms.
Ionic bond is formed by transfer of electrons between atoms.
Carbon with atomic no 6 and has configuration of 
. Carbon has 4 valence electrons. It can only share electrons as it is difficult to gain or lose 4 electrons to complete it's octet.
Chlorine with atomic no 17 has configuration of 
. It has 7 valence electrons and need one electron to complete its octet.
Thus carbon will share 4 electrons, one each with four chlorine atoms to form carbon tetra chloride.
The three reasons that scientists found Rutherfor's nuclear atomic model to be fundamentally incomplete are as follows:
Number 1) according to Rutherford, the electrons revolve in completely
circular orbits. However, if this was true the charged electron would
simply fall into the nucleus after losing energy.
Number 2)
According to Rutherford's model, the nucleus itself only consisted of
protons. However, as we now know due to research in quantum mechanics,
if this was true this would make the atom unstable due to the cycle of
attraction and repulsion.
Number 3) The neutrons which have also
been discovered since to be an important part of the atom, are not
mentioned at all in Rutherford's model.
It is False because from their chemical formulae.
