Answer:
1.30
Explanation:
To calculate the critical angle we have ti use the formula:
where theta_c is the critical angle, n1 is the index of refraction of the material where the light is totally reflected, and n2 is the refractive index of the other material.
By taking n_2 and replacing we obtain:
hope this helps!!
Answer:
The work function ϕ of the metal = 53.4196 x 10⁻¹⁶ J
Explanation:
When light is incident on a photoelectric material like metal, photoelectrons are emitted from the surface of the metal. This process is called photoelectric effect.
The relationship between the maximum kinetic energy () of the photoelectrons to the frequency of the absorbed photons (f) and the threshold frequency (f₀) of the photoemissive metal surface is:
= h(f − f₀)
= hf - hf₀
E is the energy of the absorbed photons: E = hf
ϕ is the work function of the surface: ϕ = hf₀
= E - ϕ
Frequency f = 8.12×10¹⁸ Hz
Maximum kinetic energy = 4.16×10⁻¹⁷ J
Speed of light c = 3 x 10⁸ m/s
Planck's constant h = 6.63 × 10⁻³⁴ Js
E = hf = 6.63 × 10⁻³⁴ x 8.12×10¹⁸
E = 53.8356 x 10⁻¹⁶ J
from = E - ϕ ;
ϕ = E -
ϕ = 53.8356 x 10⁻¹⁶ - 4.16×10⁻¹⁷
ϕ = 53.4196 x 10⁻¹⁶ J
The work function of the metal ϕ = 53.4196 x 10⁻¹⁶ J
Answer:
By a factor of 1/4.
Explanation:
The impulse force that applies to an object undergoing rapid deceleration just before coming to a stop on the ground is given by the following formula,
in which ,
represent the change in momentum and the time taken for that change.
If one increases the time that is taken for the momentum change (which remains constant for this situation) by a factor 4 and if that new force is represented by , the following manipulation confirms the answer to this question.
Here is the force that was applied to the object previously.
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