We have that Zero signifies a perfect circle shape and 1 shows it maximum out of order shape.
From the question we are told
What does it mean when the orbital eccentricity of a planet is close to 1
Generally
Eccentricity
This in its simplest definition means to be eccentric which means to be a bit out of order or for the given subject at hand means to be a bit out of shape
Naturally the Eccentricity that an object possess is defined by two number 0(zero) to 1(one)
Where
Zero signifies a perfect circle shape and 1 shows it maximum out of order shape
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A projectile fired upward from the Earth's surface will usually slow down, come momentarily to rest, and return to Earth. For a certain initial speed, however it will move upward forever, with its speed gradually decreasing to zero just as its distance from Earth approaches infinity. The initial speed for this case is called escape velocity. You can find the escape velocity v for the Earth or any other planet from which a projectile might be launched using conservation of energy. The projectile of mass m leaves the surface of the body of mass M and radius R with a kinetic energy Ki = mv²/2 and potential energy Ui = -GMm/R. When the projectile reaches infinity, it has zero potential energy and zero kinetic energy since we are seeking the minimum speed for escape. Thus Uf = 0 and Kf = 0. And from conservation of energy,
Ki + Ui = Kf + Uf
mv²/2 -GMm/R = 0
∴ v = √(2GM/R)
This is the expression for escape velocity.
To solve this exercise it is necessary to use the concepts related to Difference in Phase.
The Difference in phase is given by
Where
Horizontal distance between two points
Wavelength
From our values we have,
The horizontal distance between this two points would be given for
Therefore using the equation we have
Therefore the correct answer is C.
Convection, because it is the process of heat transfer from one location to the next by the movement of fluids. The moving fluid carries energy within it.
