Ceramics must be heated in order to harden the clay and make it durable. The tool used to heat the clay is called a Kiln.
<h3>What happens when ceramic is heated?</h3>
Cristobalite is a silica polymorph that is used in ceramics. Quartz particles in porcelain can change into cristobalite during burning. This has effects on the fired matrix's thermal expansion. When there is a high level of vitrification or a shape is unstable during the firing of ceramic ware, warping occurs.
Ceramic items are porous, brittle, and rigid. They are thus employed in the production of glass, ceramics, cement, and bricks. Additionally, ceramics are employed extensively in gas turbine engines. Artificial bones and dental implants are both made of bio-ceramics.
Any of the several tough, fragile, heat- and corrosion-resistant materials created by sculpting and then heating an inorganic, nonmetallic material like clay to a high temperature are known as ceramics.
In order to solidify the clay and make ceramics durable, heat must be applied. A kiln is the name of the device used to heat clay.
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This question is incomplete, the complete question is;
For a steel alloy it has been determined that a carburizing heat treatment of 11.3 h duration at Temperature T1 will raise the carbon concentration to 0.44 wt% at a point 1.8 mm from the surface. A separate experiment is performed at T2 that doubles the diffusion coefficient for carbon in steel.
Estimate the time necessary to achieve the same concentration at a 4.9 mm position for an identical steel and at the same carburizing temperature T2.
Answer:
the required time to achieve the same concentration at a 4.9 is 83.733 hrs
Explanation:
Given the data in the question;
treatment time t₁ = 11.3 hours
Carbon concentration = 0.444 wt%
thickness at surface x₁ = 1.8 mm = 0.0018 m
thickness at identical steel x₂ = 4.9 mm = 0.0049 m
Now, Using Fick's second law inform of diffusion
/ Dt = constant
where D is constant
then
/ t = constant
/ t₁ = / t₂
t₂ = t₁
t₂ = t₁ /
t₂ = ( / )t₁
t₂ = / × t₁
so we substitute
t₂ = 0.0049 / 0.0018 × 11.3 hrs
t₂ = 7.41 × 11.3 hrs
t₂ = 83.733 hrs
Therefore, the required time to achieve the same concentration at a 4.9 is 83.733 hrs
Answer:
Equilibrium Temperature is 382.71 K
Total entropy is 0.228 kJ/K
Solution:
As per the question:
Mass of the Aluminium block, M = 28 kg
Initial temperature of aluminium, = 273 + 140 = 413 K
Mass of Iron block, m = 36 kg
Temperature for iron block, = 273 + 60 = 333 K
At 400 k
Specific heat of Aluminium,
At room temperature
Specific heat of iron,
Now,
To calculate the final equilibrium temperature:
Amount of heat loss by Aluminium = Amount of heat gain by Iron
Thus
= 273 + 109.71 = 382.71 K
where
= Equilibrium temperature
Now,
To calculate the changer in entropy:
Now,
For Aluminium:
For Iron:
Thus
Answer:
The answer is "".
Explanation:
The amount of kilograms, which travel in a thick sheet of hydrogen:
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