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kherson [118]
3 years ago
10

Smallest particle of a substance that can retain its properties & is

Chemistry
1 answer:
Aleksandr-060686 [28]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

Molecules

Explanation:

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10) One mole of a diatomic ideal gas is initially at a temperature of 127 °C and
Vladimir79 [104]
Ok hold on one second
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3 years ago
enzyme‑catalyzed, single‑substrate reaction E + S − ⇀ ↽ − ES ⟶ E + P . The model can be more readily understood when comparing t
laila [671]

Complete Question

The complete question is shown on the first uploaded image

Answer:

[S]<<KM             |   [S]=KM                  |  [S]>>KM                     | Not true

____________  |   Half of the active  | Reaction rate is         | Increasing

[E_{free}] is about   |    sites are filled of  |    independent of      |  [E_{Total}] will                                            

 equal to [E_{total}]. |                                 |   [S]                             | lower KM

_____________________________________________|____________

[ES] is much       |                                 | Almost all active

 lower than         |                                 | sites are filled

[E_{free}]                  |                                 |

Explanation:

Generally the combined enzyme[ES] is mathematically represented as

                   [ES] = \frac{[E_{total}][S]}{K_M + [S]}----(1)

for Michaelis-Menten equation

Where [S] is the substrate concentration and K_M is the Michaelis constant

Considering the statement [S] < < K_M

  Looking at the equation [S] is denominator so it can be ignored(it is far too small compared to K_M)  hence the above equation becomes

               [ES] = \frac{[E_{total}][S]}{K_M}

Since [S] is less than K_M it means that \frac{[S]}{K_M}  < < 1

so it means that [ES] < < [E_{total}]

  What this means is that the  number of combined enzymes[ES] i.e the number of occupied site is very small compared to the the total sites [E_{total}]  i.e the total enzymes concentration which means that the free sites [E_{free}]  i.e the concentration of free enzymes is almost equal to [E_{total}]

Considering the second statement

      [S] = K_M

So  this means that equation one would now become

           [ES] = \frac{[E_{total}][S]}{2[S]} = \frac{[E_{total}]}{2}

So this means that half of the active sites that is the total enzyme concentration are filled with S

Considering the Third Statement

      [S] >>K_M

In this case the K_M in the denominator of equation 1 would be neglected and the equation becomes

       [ES] = \frac{[E_{total}] [S]}{[S]} = [E_{total}]

This means that almost all the sites are occupied with substrate

 The rate of this reaction is mathematically defined as

             v =\frac{V_{max}[S]}{K_M [S]}

Where v is the rate of the reaction(also know as the velocity of the reaction at a given time t) and V_{max}  is he maximum velocity of the reaction

In this case also the K_M at the denominator would be neglected as a result of the statement hence the equation becomes

                v = \frac{V_{max}[S]}{[S]} = V_{max}

So it means that the reaction does not depend on the concentration of substrate [S]

For the final statement(Not True ) it would match with condition that states that increasing [E_{total}] will lower K_M

This is because K_M does not depend on enzyme concentration it is a property of a enzyme

             

       

7 0
3 years ago
Calcium carbonate is often used as an antacid. Your stomach acid is composed of HCl at a pH of 1.5. If you ate toooo much Turkey
stiks02 [169]

<u>Answer:</u> 0.0237 g of calcium carbonate would be required to neutralize the given amount of HCl

<u>Explanation:</u>

pH is defined as the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration present in the solution

pH=-\log [H^+]      .....(1)

Given value of pH = 1.5

Putting values in equation 1:

1.5=-\log[H^+]

[H^+]=10^{(-1.5)}=0.0316M

Molarity is defined as the amount of solute expressed in the number of moles present per liter of solution. The units of molarity are mol/L. The formula used to calculate molarity:

\text{Molarity of solution}=\frac{\text{Number of moles of solute}\times 1000}{\text{Volume of solution (mL)}}       .....(2)

We are given:

Volume of solution = 15.0 mL

Molarity of HCl = 0.0316 M

Putting values in equation 2:

0.0316=\frac{\text{Moles of HCl}\times 1000}{15.0}\\\\\text{Moles of HCl}=\frac{0.0316\times 15.0}{1000}=4.74\times 10^{-4}mol

The chemical equation for the reaction of HCl and calcium carbonate follows:

2HCl+CaCO_3\rightarrow H_2CO_3+CaCl_2

By the stoichiometry of the reaction:

2 moles of HCl reacts with 1 mole of calcium carbonate

So, 4.74\times 10^{-4}mol of HCl will react with = \frac{1}{2}\times 4.74\times 10^{-4}=2.37\times 10^{-4}mol of calcium carbonate

The number of moles is defined as the ratio of the mass of a substance to its molar mass.

\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}

Moles of calcium carbonate = 2.37\times 10^{-4}mol

Molar mass of calcium carbonate = 100.01 g/mol

Putting values in the above equation:

\text{Mass of }CaCO_3=(2.37\times 10^{-4}mol)\times 100.01g/mol\\\\\text{Mass of }CaCO_3=0.0237g

Hence, 0.0237 g of calcium carbonate would be required to neutralize the given amount of HCl

7 0
2 years ago
Determine the the mass of one molecule of hydrogen sulfide gas.
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Answer:

the molecular mass of hydrogen sulphide, which contains two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of sulphur is = 2 — 1 + 1 — 32 = 34 a.m.u.

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3 years ago
Velocity requires which 2 things?
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