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English "natural philosopher" (the contemporary term for physicist) Michael Faraday is renowned for his discovery of the principles of electro-magnetic induction and electro-magnetic rotation, the interaction between electricity and magnetism that led to the development of the electric motor and generator. The unit of measurement of electrical capacitance - the farad (F) - is named in his honor.
Faraday's experimental work in chemistry, which included the discovery of benzene, also led him to the first documented observation of a material that we now call a semiconductor. While investigating the effect of temperature on "sulphurette of silver" (silver sulfide) in 1833 he found that electrical conductivity increased with increasing temperature. This effect, typical of semiconductors, is the opposite of that measured in metals such as copper, where conductivity decreases as temperature is increased.
In a chapter entitled "On Conducting Power Generally" in his book Experimental Researches in Electricity Faraday writes "I have lately met with an extraordinary case ... which is in direct contrast with the influence of heat upon metallic bodies ... On applying a lamp ... the conducting power rose rapidly with the heat ... On removing the lamp and allowing the heat to fall, the effects were reversed."
We now understand that raising the temperature of most semiconductors increases the density of charge carriers inside them and hence their conductivity. This effect is used to make thermistors - special resistors that exhibit a decrease in electrical resistance (or an increase in conductivity) with an increase in temperature.
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Contemporary Documents
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<span>Faraday, M. Experimental Researches in Electricity, Volume 1. (London: Richard and John Edward Taylor, 1839) pp.122-124 (para. 432). Note: This section appears on different pages in later editions of the book. The material in the book is reprinted from articles by Faraday published in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of 1831-1838. </span>
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More Information
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<span>Hirshfeld, Alan W. The Electric Life of Michael Faraday. Walker & Company (March 7, 2006).</span>
<span>Friedel, Robert D. Lines and Waves: Faraday, Maxwell and 150 Years of Electromagnetism. Center for the History of Electrical Engineering, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (1981).</span>
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Answer:
kinetic energy + potential energy
Answer:
The answer to the question is;
The total potential energy of the mass on the spring when the mass is at either endpoint of its motion is 5.0255 Joules.
Explanation:
To answer the question, we note that the maximum speed is 2.30 m/s and the mass is 1.90 kg
Therefore the maximum kinetic energy of motion is given by
Kinetic Energy, KE = 
Where,
m = Attached vibrating mass = 1.90 kg
v = velocity of the string = 2.3 m/s
Therefore Kinetic Energy, KE = 
×1.9×2.3² = 5.0255 J
From the law of conservation of energy, we have the kinetic energy, during the cause of the vibration is converted to potential energy when the mass is at either endpoint of its motion
Therefore Potential Energy PE at end point = Kinetic Energy, KE at the middle of the motion
That is the total potential energy of the mass on the spring when the mass is at either endpoint of its motion is equal to the maximum kinetic energy.
Total PE = Maximum KE = 5.0255 J.
