To solve this problem it is necessary to apply the concepts related to the Stefan-Boltzmann law which establishes that a black body emits thermal radiation with a total hemispheric emissive power (W / m²) proportional to the fourth power of its temperature.
Heat flow is obtained as follows:

Where,
F =View Factor
A = Cross sectional Area
Stefan-Boltzmann constant
T= Temperature
Our values are given as
D = 0.6m

The view factor between two coaxial parallel disks would be


Then the view factor between base to top surface of the cylinder becomes
. From the summation rule


Then the net rate of radiation heat transfer from the disks to the environment is calculated as





Therefore the rate heat radiation is 780.76W
1.Record her observation with the time it was hot.
2. Gather info about the pavement and its surroundings. Find out what it's made of and what its temp. is at different times of the day.
3. Come up with a hypothesis about why it is hot.
4. Design an experiment to test the hypothesis. If she thinks the Sun is responsible (which she should b smart enough to know), keep it covered during the day time and check it's temp.
5. Come up with a conclusion. If her hypothesis is not supported, design a new experiment or gather more info.
1) At the moment of being at the top, the piston will not only tend to push the penny up but will also descend at a faster rate at which the penny can reach in 'free fall', in that short distance. Therefore, at the highest point, the penny will lose contact with the piston. Therefore the correct answer is C.
2) To solve this problem we will apply the equations related to the simple harmonic movement, hence we have that the acceleration can be defined as

Where,
a = Acceleration
A = Amplitude
= Angular velocity
From a reference system in which the downward acceleration is negative due to the force of gravity we will have to



From the definition of frequency and angular velocity we have to




Therefore the maximum frequency for which the penny just barely remains in place for the full cycle is 2.5Hz
Answer
given,
firm is producing = 2,475 units
output by hiring 50 workers W = $20 per hour
25 units of capital R = $10 per hour
marginal product of labor = 40
marginal product of capital = 25





Firm is not minimizing the cost because the firm use more capital and less labor.
Geothermal, Wind ,Solar, and Water turbine.
I hope I helped.