Answer:
HClO₃ /chloric acid /suffix -ic/ ClO₃⁻ (chlorate)
HClO₂/ chlorous acid/ suffix -ous/ ClO₂⁻ (chlorite)
HNO₃ /nitric acid /suffix -ic/ NO₃⁻ (nitrate)
HNO₂/ nitrous acid/ suffix -ous/ NO₂⁻ (nitrite)
Explanation:
Chlorine has 4 positive oxidation numbers to form oxyacids: +1, +3, +5 and +7.
- When it uses the oxidation number +5, it forms HClO₃, which is named chloric acid, with the suffix -ic. When it loses an H⁺, it forms the oxyanion ClO₃⁻ (chlorate).
- When it uses the oxidation number +3, it forms HClO₂, which is named chlorous acid, with the suffix -ous. When it loses an H⁺, it forms the oxyanion ClO₂⁻ (chlorite).
Nitrogen has 2 positive oxidation numbers to form oxyacids: +3 and +5.
- When it uses the oxidation number +5, it forms HNO₃, which is named nitric acid, with the suffix -ic. When it loses an H⁺, it forms the oxyanion NO₃⁻ (nitrate).
- When it uses the oxidation number +3, it forms HNO₂, which is named nitrous acid, with the suffix -ous. When it loses an H⁺, it forms the oxyanion NO₂⁻ (nitrite).
They are moving away from each other
Let MM(x) be the molar mass of x.
MM(Pb) : MM(PbO)
=207.21 : 223.20 = 451.4 g : x g
cross multiply and solve for x
x=223.2/207.21*451.4
= 486.23 g
Percentage yield = 365.0/486.23= 0.75067 = 75.07% (rounded to 4 sign. fig.)
