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kicyunya [14]
3 years ago
10

What is the heart of a set of construction drawing?

Engineering
1 answer:
Alex787 [66]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

The Floor plan is the heart of a set of construction drawings. It is the one drawing which all trade workers refer. When designing a residence, the floor plan is usually started first.

Explanation:

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Three tool materials (high-speed steel, cemented carbide, and ceramic) are to be compared for the same turning operation on a ba
Tpy6a [65]

Answer:

Among all three tools, the ceramic tool is taking the least time for the production of a batch, however, machining from the HSS tool is taking the highest time.

Explanation:

The optimum cutting speed for the minimum cost

V_{opt}= \frac{C}{\left[\left(T_c+\frac{C_e}{C_m}\right)\left(\frac{1}{n}-1\right)\right]^n}\;\cdots(i)

Where,

C,n = Taylor equation parameters

T_h =Tool changing time in minutes

C_e=Cost per grinding per edge

C_m= Machine and operator cost per minute

On comparing with the Taylor equation VT^n=C,

Tool life,

T= \left[ \left(T_t+\frac{C_e}{C_m}\right)\left(\frac{1}{n}-1\right)\right]}\;\cdots(ii)

Given that,  

Cost of operator and machine time=\$40/hr=\$0.667/min

Batch setting time = 2 hr

Part handling time: T_h=2.5 min

Part diameter: D=73 mm =73\times 10^{-3} m

Part length: l=250 mm=250\times 10^{-3} m

Feed: f=0.30 mm/rev= 0.3\times 10^{-3} m/rev

Depth of cut: d=3.5 mm

For the HSS tool:

Tool cost is $20 and it can be ground and reground 15 times and the grinding= $2/grind.

So, C_e= \$20/15+2=\$3.33/edge

Tool changing time, T_t=3 min.

C= 80 m/min

n=0.130

(a) From equation (i), cutting speed for the minimum cost:

V_{opt}= \frac {80}{\left[ \left(3+\frac{3.33}{0.667}\right)\left(\frac{1}{0.13}-1\right)\right]^{0.13}}

\Rightarrow 47.7 m/min

(b) From equation (ii), the tool life,

T=\left(3+\frac{3.33}{0.667}\right)\left(\frac{1}{0.13}-1\right)\right]}

\Rightarrow T=53.4 min

(c) Cycle time: T_c=T_h+T_m+\frac{T_t}{n_p}

where,

T_m= Machining time for one part

n_p= Number of pieces cut in one tool life

T_m= \frac{l}{fN} min, where N=\frac{V_{opt}}{\pi D} is the rpm of the spindle.

\Rightarrow T_m= \frac{\pi D l}{fV_{opt}}

\Rightarrow T_m=\frac{\pi \times 73 \times 250\times 10^{-6}}{0.3\times 10^{-3}\times 47.7}=4.01 min/pc

So, the number of parts produced in one tool life

n_p=\frac {T}{T_m}

\Rightarrow n_p=\frac {53.4}{4.01}=13.3

Round it to the lower integer

\Rightarrow n_p=13

So, the cycle time

T_c=2.5+4.01+\frac{3}{13}=6.74 min/pc

(d) Cost per production unit:

C_c= C_mT_c+\frac{C_e}{n_p}

\Rightarrow C_c=0.667\times6.74+\frac{3.33}{13}=\$4.75/pc

(e) Total time to complete the batch= Sum of setup time and production time for one batch

=2\times60+ {50\times 6.74}{50}=457 min=7.62 hr.

(f) The proportion of time spent actually cutting metal

=\frac{50\times4.01}{457}=0.4387=43.87\%

Now, for the cemented carbide tool:

Cost per edge,

C_e= \$8/6=\$1.33/edge

Tool changing time, T_t=1min

C= 650 m/min

n=0.30

(a) Cutting speed for the minimum cost:

V_{opt}= \frac {650}{\left[ \left(1+\frac{1.33}{0.667}\right)\left(\frac{1}{0.3}-1\right)\right]^{0.3}}=363m/min [from(i)]

(b) Tool life,

T=\left[ \left(1+\frac{1.33}{0.667}\right)\left(\frac{1}{0.3}-1\right)\right]=7min [from(ii)]

(c) Cycle time:

T_c=T_h+T_m+\frac{T_t}{n_p}

T_m= \frac{\pi D l}{fV_{opt}}

\Rightarrow T_m=\frac{\pi \times 73 \times 250\times 10^{-6}}{0.3\times 10^{-3}\times 363}=0.53min/pc

n_p=\frac {7}{0.53}=13.2

\Rightarrow n_p=13 [ nearest lower integer]

So, the cycle time

T_c=2.5+0.53+\frac{1}{13}=3.11 min/pc

(d) Cost per production unit:

C_c= C_mT_c+\frac{C_e}{n_p}

\Rightarrow C_c=0.667\times3.11+\frac{1.33}{13}=\$2.18/pc

(e) Total time to complete the batch=2\times60+ {50\times 3.11}{50}=275.5 min=4.59 hr.

(f) The proportion of time spent actually cutting metal

=\frac{50\times0.53}{275.5}=0.0962=9.62\%

Similarly, for the ceramic tool:

C_e= \$10/6=\$1.67/edge

T_t-1min

C= 3500 m/min

n=0.6

(a) Cutting speed:

V_{opt}= \frac {3500}{\left[ \left(1+\frac{1.67}{0.667}\right)\left(\frac{1}{0.6}-1\right)\right]^{0.6}}

\Rightarrow V_{opt}=2105 m/min

(b) Tool life,

T=\left[ \left(1+\frac{1.67}{0.667}\right)\left(\frac{1}{0.6}-1\right)\right]=2.33 min

(c) Cycle time:

T_c=T_h+T_m+\frac{T_t}{n_p}

\Rightarrow T_m=\frac{\pi \times 73 \times 250\times 10^{-6}}{0.3\times 10^{-3}\times 2105}=0.091 min/pc

n_p=\frac {2.33}{0.091}=25.6

\Rightarrow n_p=25 pc/tool\; life

So,

T_c=2.5+0.091+\frac{1}{25}=2.63 min/pc

(d) Cost per production unit:

C_c= C_mT_c+\frac{C_e}{n_p}

\Rightarrow C_c=0.667\times2.63+\frac{1.67}{25}=$1.82/pc

(e) Total time to complete the batch

=2\times60+ {50\times 2.63}=251.5 min=4.19 hr.

(f) The proportion of time spent actually cutting metal

=\frac{50\times0.091}{251.5}=0.0181=1.81\%

3 0
3 years ago
Three point charges, each with q = 3 nC, are located at the corners of a triangle in the x-y plane, with one corner at the origi
lawyer [7]

Answer:

\vec F_{A} = -67500\,N\cdot (i + j)

Explanation:

The position of each point are the following:

A = (0\,m,0\,m,0\,m), B = (0.02\,m,0\,m,0\,m), C = (0\,m,0.02\,m,0\,m)

Since the three objects report charges with same sign, then, net force has a repulsive nature. The net force experimented by point charge A is:

\vec F_{A} = \vec F_{AB} + \vec F_{AC}

\vec F_{A} = -\frac{k\cdot q^{2}}{r_{AB}^{2}}\cdot i - \frac{k\cdot q^{2}}{r_{AC}^{2}}\cdot j

\vec F_{A} = - \frac{k\cdot q^{2}}{r^{2}} \cdot (i + j)

\vec F_{A} = -\frac{(9 \times 10^{9}\,\frac{N\cdot m^{2}}{C^{2}} )\cdot (3\times 10^{-9}\,C)}{(0.02\,m)^{2}}\cdot (i + j)

\vec F_{A} = -67500\,N\cdot (i + j)

6 0
3 years ago
The term variation describes the degree to which an object or idea differs from others of the same type or from a standard.
AfilCa [17]
The answer is true. Thank me later<3
5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
A hot brass plate is having its upper surface cooled by impinging jet of air at temperature of 15°C and convection heat transfer
gulaghasi [49]

Answer:

809.98°C

Explanation:

STEP ONE: The first step to take in order to solve this particular Question or problem is to find or determine the Biot value.

Biot value = (heat transfer coefficient × length) ÷ thermal conductivity.

Biot value = (220 × 0.1)÷ 110 = 0.2.

Biot value = 0.2.

STEP TWO: Determine the Fourier number. Since the Biot value is greater than 0.1. Tis can be done by making use of the formula below;

Fourier number = thermal diffusivity × time ÷ (length)^2.

Fourier number = (3 × 60 × 33.9 × 10^-6)/( 0.1)^2 = 0.6102.

STEP THREE: This is the last step for the question, here we will be calculating the temperature of the center plane of the brass plate after 3 minutes.

Thus, the temperature of the center plane of the brass plane after 3 minutes = (1.00705) (0.89199) (900- 15) + 15.

= > the temperature of the center plane of the brass plane after 3 minutes = 809.98°C.

5 0
3 years ago
Which of the following reveals the most common obstacle that engineers must overcome?
Brut [27]
First one because it’s the first one
5 0
3 years ago
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