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2 years ago

Give five examples of

Engineering

1 answer:

olchik [2.2K]2 years ago

3 0

Answer:

to reduce the amount paid to suppliers. For example, a retailer with great buying power (Walmart, Amazon) can offer very small profit margins to suppliers as they have little alternative.Collusion between existing firms in an industry to exclude new firms from deals to prevent the market from becoming more competitive.Sticking to output quotas and higher prices.Collusive tendering. For example, ‘cover prices’ for competitive tendering in bidding for public construction contracts. This is when a rival firm agrees to set artificially high price to allow the firm of choice to win with a relatively high contract offer.Types of collusionFormal collusion – when firms make formal agreement to stick to high prices. This can involve the creation of a cartel. The most famous cartel is OPEC – an organisation concerned with setting prices for oil.Tacit collusion – where firms make informal agreements or collude without actually speaking to their rivals. This may be to avoid detection by government regulatorsPrice leadership. It is possible firms may try to unofficially collude by following the prices set by a market leader. This enables them to keep prices high, without ever meeting with rival firms. This kind of collusion is hard to prove whether it is unfair competition or just the natural operation of markets.Problems of collusionCollusion is seen as bad for consumers and economic welfare, and therefore collusion is mostly regulated by governments. Collusion can lead to:High prices for consumers. This leads to a decline in consumer surplus and allocative inefficiency (Price pushed up above marginal cost)New firms can be discouraged from entering the market by types of collusion which act as a barrier to entry.Easy profits from collusion can make firms lazy and avoid innovation and efforts to increase productivity.Industry gets the disadvantages of monopoly (higher price) but none of the advantages (e.g. economies of scale)Justification for collusionIn times of unprofitable business conditions, collusion may be a way to try and save the industry and prevent firms from going out of business, which wouldn’t be in the long-term consumer interest. Dairy suppliers tried to use this justification in 2002/03 after problems from foot and mouth disease led to a decline in farm incomes.Research and development. Profits from collusion could, in theory, be used to invest in research and development.Milk price by supermarkets 2002-03After a period of low milk, butter and cheese

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Which type of Artificial Intelligence (AI) can repeatedly perform tasks of limited scope?

seraphim [82]

Narrow AI is the type of Artificial Intelligence (AI) can repeatedly perform tasks of limited scope.

Natural Language Understanding (NLU) is used to describe extracting information from unstructured text using algorithms.

<h3>What is Narrow AI ?</h3>

This is known to be a form or a type of AI that is said to be able to carry out a dedicated task as a result of its intelligence.

Note that Narrow AI is the type of Artificial Intelligence (AI) can repeatedly perform tasks of limited scope.

Natural Language Understanding (NLU) is used to describe extracting information from unstructured text using algorithms.

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2 years ago

A composite shaft with length L = 46 in is made by fitting an aluminum sleeve (Ga = 5 x 10^3 ksi) over a

Xelga [282]

Answer:

Explanation:

Given the data in the question;

L = 46 in

Ga = 5 × 10³ ksi

Gs = 11 × 10³ ksi

Outside diameter da = 5 in

ds = 4 in

Tb = 3 kip.in

Now,

Ja = polar moment of Inertia of Aluminum;

Ja ⇒ π/32( 5⁴ - 4⁴ ) = π/32( 625 - 256 ) = π/32( 369 ) $in^u$

Js = polar moment of inertia of steel

Js ⇒ π/32 ds⁴ = π/32( 4⁴ ) = π/32( 256 )

Ta is torque transmitted by Aluminum

Ts is torque transmitted by steel

{composite member }

T = Ta + Ts ------ let this be equation m1

Now, we use the relation;

T/J = G∅/L

JG∅ = TL

∅ = TL/GJ

so, for aluminum rod ∅ $_{alu$ = TaLa/GaJa

for steel rod ∅ $_{steel$ = TsLs/GsJs

but we know that, ∅a = ∅s = ∅ $_B$

[TaLa/GaJa] = [TsLs/GsJs]

also, we know that, La = Ls = L

∴ [Ta/GaJa] = [Ts/GsJs]

we solve for Ta

TaGsJs = TsGaJa

Ta = TsGaJa / GsJs

we substitute

Ta = [Ts(5 × 10³)( π/32( 369) )] / [ (11 × 10³)( π/32( 256 ) ) ]

Ta = 0.66Ts

now, we substitute 0.66Ts for Ta and 3 for T in equation 1

T = Ta + Ts

3 = 0.66Ts + Ts

3 = 1.66Ts

Ts = 3 / 1.66

Ts = 1.8072 ≈ 1.81 kip-in

∅ $_{steel$ = TsLs / GsJs

we substitute

∅ $_{steel$ = (1.81 × 46 ) / ( 11 × 10³ × π/32( 256 ) )

∅ $_{steel$ = 83.26 / 276460.1535

∅ $_{steel$ = 0.000301

∅ $_{steel$ = 3.01 × 10⁻⁴ rad

∅ $_{steel$ = ∅ $_B$ = 3.01 × 10⁻⁴ rad

Therefore, the magnitude of the angle of twist at end B is 3.01 × 10⁻⁴ rad

5 0

2 years ago

Write a statement that calls the recursive method backwardsAlphabet() with parameter startingLetter.

Tcecarenko [31]

Recursion refers to the act of calling a function itself. With the use of this strategy, complex problems can be reduced to more manageable, simpler ones. Recursion might be a little challenging to comprehend. The best method to figure out how it works is to experiment with it.

<h3>How to write a programme by recursive method ?</h3>

The process of making a function call itself is known as recursion. With the use of this strategy, complex problems can be reduced to more manageable, simpler ones. Recursion might be a little challenging to comprehend. Experimenting with it is the most effective way to learn how it functions.

public class Recursive Calls {

public static void backwards Alphabet(char currLetter) {

if (currLetter == 'a') {

System.out.println(currLetter);

}

else {

System.out.print(currLetter + " ");

backwards Alphabet(--currLetter);

}

return;

}

public static void main (String [] args) {

char starting Letter = '-';

starting Letter = 'z';

// Your solution goes here

backwards Alphabet(starting Letter);

return;

}

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1 year ago

In this assignment, you will demonstrate your ability to write simple shell scripts. This is a cumulative assignment that will c

nevsk [136]

Answer:

Explanation:

Usage: flip [-t|-u|-d|-m] filename[s]

Converts ASCII files between Unix, MS-DOS/Windows, or Macintosh newline formats

Options:

-u = convert file(s) to Unix newline format (newline)

-d = convert file(s) to MS-DOS/Windows newline format (linefeed + newline)

-m = convert file(s) to Macintosh newline format (linefeed)

-t = display current file type, no file modifications

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3 years ago

A 2 in. diameter pipe supplying steam at 300°F is enclosed in a 1 ft square duct at 70°F. The outside of the duct is perfectly i

Shkiper50 [21]

Answer:

The value of heat transferred watt per foot length Q = 54.78 Watt per foot length.

Explanation:

Diameter of pipe = 2 in = 0.0508 m

Steam temperature $T_{1}$ = 300 F = 422.04 K

Duct temperature $T_{2}$ = 70 F = 294.26 K

Emmisivity of surface 1 = 0.79

Emmisivity of surface 2 = 0.276

Net emmisivity of both surfaces ∈ = 0.25

Stefan volazman constant $\sigma$ = 5.67 × $10^{-8}$ $\frac{W}{m^{2} K^{4} }$

Heat transfer per foot length is given by

Q = ∈ $\sigma$ A ( $T_{1}^{4} - T_{2} ^{4}$ ) ------ (1)

Put all the values in equation (1) , we get

Q = 0.25 × 5.67 × $10^{-8}$ × 3.14 × 0.0508 × 1 × ( $422.04^{4} - 294.26^{4}$ )

Q = 54.78 Watt per foot.

This is the value of heat transferred watt per foot length.

4 0

3 years ago