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3 years ago

Which of Newton’s Laws is demonstrated by a larger truck requiring more force to accelerate than a smaller car?

Chemistry

1 answer:

julia-pushkina [17]3 years ago

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Answer:

In your science class, you will learn about Newton’s laws of motion. Do you know why these laws are so important? When you throw a baseball or you bounce a basketball on the court, you can use Newton’s laws to explain the motion of the baseball or basketball. In fact, almost all motion in the world can be explained by these laws. Newton’s laws are useful when people design airplanes, trains, cars, sports equipment, toys, and many things that have to do with motion. Some people have trouble understanding Newton’s laws of motion because it’s hard to see how the laws work without any examples. One great way to understand these laws is to look at how they relate to cars in everyday life.

The First Law of Motion

“Every object persists in its state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line unless it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed upon it.”

Can you see why it’s hard for some people to understand the first law? Those are some complicated words. To help you to understand better, let’s break it down and use the example of a car. The first part deals with an object in a “state of rest”. This means that the object is not moving. When your mom or dad parks the car in the garage or the shopping mall, the car is said to be in a “state of rest” because it is not moving. The car will not move until the engine is started and somebody drives it away. The second part deals with an object in “uniform motion”. This means that the object is moving at the same speed. When you mom or dad is using “cruise control” on a highway at 60 miles per hour, the car will be moving at that speed in a “straight line” until something happens to change it. What is this change? It depends. By using the brakes, your mom or dad can slow the car down or bring it to a stop. On the other hand, the car’s direction will be changed if it is hit by another motor vehicle.Explanation:

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Which reacts faster, rock salt or grains of salt? Why?

sweet-ann [11.9K]

Answer:

salt

Explanation:

because it has a much larger volume ratio

5 0

3 years ago

When 1.14 g of octane (molar mass = 114 g/mol) reacts with excess oxygen in a constant volume calorimeter, the temperature of th

maxonik [38]

I can't answer this question without knowing what the specific heat capacity of the calorimeter is. Luckily, I found a similar problem from another website which is shown in the attached picture.

Q = nCpΔT
Q = (1.14 g)(1 mol/114 g)(6.97 kJ/kmol·°C)(10°C)(1000 mol/1 kmol)
<em>Q = +6970 kJ</em>

8 0

3 years ago

During the reaction of molecular bromine with 2,2,3-trimethyl pentane initiated by heat or light hydrogen atom will be abstracte

Romashka-Z-Leto [24]

Answer:carbon number 3 of the parent chain

Explanation:

CH3CH2CH(CH3)C(CH3)2CH3.

Looking at the structural formula of the above compound, the carbon on position 3, in the parent chain is a tertiary carbon atom. The reaction in question proceeds by free radical mechanism. Hydrogen is first abstracted from the carbon atom that leads to te formation of the most stable carbocation. For this reason, hydrogen is abstracted from carbon 3 of the parent chain.

8 0

3 years ago

stbank, Question 075 Get help answering Molecular Drawing questions. Compound A, C6H12 reacts with HBr/ROOR to give compound B,

Law Incorporation [45]

Answer:

Explanation:

In this case we want to know the structures of A (C6H12), B (C6H13Br) and C (C6H14).

A and C reacts with two differents reagents and conditions, however both of them gives the same product.

Let's analyze each reaction.

First, C6H12 has the general formula of an alkene or cycloalkane. However, when we look at the reagents, which are HBr in ROOR, and the final product, we can see that this is an adition reaction where the H and Br were added to a molecule, therefore we can conclude that the initial reactant is an alkene. Now, what happens next? A is reacting with HBr. In general terms when we have an adition of a molecule to a reactant like HBr (Adding electrophyle and nucleophyle) this kind of reactions follows the markonikov's rule that states that the hydrogen will go to the carbon with more hydrogens, and the nucleophyle will go to the carbon with less hydrogen (Atom that can be stabilized with charge). But in this case, we have something else and is the use of the ROOR, this is a peroxide so, instead of follow the markonikov rule, it will do the opposite, the hydrogen to the more substituted carbon and the bromine to the carbon with more hydrogens. This is called the antimarkonikov rule. Picture attached show the possible structure for A. The alkene would have to be the 1-hexene.

Now in the second case we have C, reacting with bromine in light to give also B. C has the formula C6H14 which is the formula for an alkane and once again we are having an adition reaction. In this case, conditions are given to do an adition reaction in an alkane. bromine in presence of light promoves the adition of the bromine to the molecule of alkane. In this case it can go to the carbon with more hydrogen or less hydrogens, but it will prefer the carbon with more hydrogens. In this case would be the terminal hydrogens of the molecules. In this case, it will form product B again. the alkane here would be the hexane. See picture for structures.

8 0

3 years ago

in a second experiment, the total pressure is observed to be 58 atm. what is the partial pressure of the water vapor produced?

dimulka [17.4K]

This is an incomplete question, here is a complete question.

Nitroglycerine (C₃H₅N₃O₉) explodes with tremendous force due to the numerous gaseous products. The equation for the explosion of Nitroglycerine is:

$4C_3H_5N_3O_9(l)\rightarrow 12CO_2(g)+O_2(g)+6N_2(g)+10H_2O(g)$

A scientist conducts an experiment to characterize a bomb containing nitroglycerine. She uses a steel, ridge container for the test.

Volume of rigid steel container: 1.00 L

Molar mass of Nitroglycerine: 227 g/mol

Temperature: 300 K

Amount of Nitroglycerine tested: 227 g

Value for ideal gas constant, R: 0.0821 L.atm/mol.K

In a second experiment, the total pressure is observed to be 58 atm. what is the partial pressure of the water vapor produced?

Answer : The partial pressure of the water vapor is, 20.01 atm

Explanation :

First we have to calculate the moles of $C_3H_5N_3O_9$

$\text{Moles of }C_3H_5N_3O_9=\frac{\text{Given mass }C_3H_5N_3O_9}{\text{Molar mass }C_3H_5N_3O_9}=\frac{227g}{227g/mol}=1mol$

Now we have to calculate the moles of $CO_2,O_2,N_2\text{ and }H_2O$

The balanced chemical reaction is:

$4C_3H_5N_3O_9(l)\rightarrow 12CO_2(g)+O_2(g)+6N_2(g)+10H_2O(g)$

From the balanced chemical reaction we conclude that,

As, 4 moles of $C_3H_5N_3O_9$ react to give 12 moles of $CO_2$

So, 1 moles of $C_3H_5N_3O_9$ react to give $\frac{12}{4}=3$ moles of $CO_2$

and,

As, 4 moles of $C_3H_5N_3O_9$ react to give 1 moles of $O_2$

So, 1 moles of $C_3H_5N_3O_9$ react to give $\frac{1}{4}=0.25$ moles of $O_2$

and,

As, 4 moles of $C_3H_5N_3O_9$ react to give 6 moles of $N_2$

So, 1 moles of $C_3H_5N_3O_9$ react to give $\frac{6}{4}=1.5$ moles of $N_2$

and,

As, 4 moles of $C_3H_5N_3O_9$ react to give 10 moles of $H_2O$

So, 1 moles of $C_3H_5N_3O_9$ react to give $\frac{10}{4}=2.5$ moles of $H_2O$

Now we have to calculate the mole fraction of water.

$\text{Mole fraction of }H_2O=\frac{\text{Moles of }H_2O}{\text{Moles of }H_2O+\text{Moles of }CO_2+\text{Moles of }O_2+\text{Moles of }N_2}$

$\text{Mole fraction of }H_2O=\frac{2.5}{2.5+3+0.25+1.5}=0.345$

Now we have to calculate the partial pressure of the water vapor.

According to the Raoult's law,

$p_{H_2O}=X_{H_2O}\times p_T$

where,

$p_{H_2O}$ = partial pressure of water vapor gas = ?

$p_T$ = total pressure of gas = 58 atm

$X_{H_2O}$ = mole fraction of water vapor gas = 0.345

Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get:

$p_{H_2O}=X_{H_2O}\times p_T$

$p_{H_2O}=0.345\times 58atm=20.01atm$

Therefore, the partial pressure of the water vapor is, 20.01 atm

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3 years ago