Answer:
He can return to the spacecraft by sacrificing some of the tools employing the principle of conservation of momentum.
Explanation:
By carefully evaluating his direction back to the ship, the astronaut can throw some of his tools in the opposite direction to that. On throwing those tools of a certain mass, they travel at a certain velocity giving him velocity in the form of recoil in the opposite direction of the velocity of the tools. This is same as a gun and bullet recoil momentum conservation. It is also the principle on which the operational principles of their maneuvering unit is designed.
Work done on the crate is 1411.2 J
Explanation:
Work done is defined as the product of force and the distance moved by the object. The unit of work done is in joules and denoted by the symbol J.
Work done = F * d
where F represents the force and d represents the distance moved by the object.
mass = 72 kg , distance moved by the object is given by 2.0 m
Force F = mass * gravity = 72 * 9.8
= 705.6 N =706 N.
Work done = 706 * 2.0 = 1412 J.
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Answer:
a) 4.2m/s
b) 5.0m/s
Explanation:
This problem is solved using the principle of conservation of linear momentum which states that in a closed system of colliding bodies, the sum of the total momenta before collision is equal to the sum of the total momenta after collision.
The problem is also an illustration of elastic collision where there is no loss in kinetic energy.
Equation (1) is a mathematical representation of the the principle of conservation of linear momentum for two colliding bodies of masses 
and 
whose respective velocities before collision are 
and 
;
where 
and 
are their respective velocities after collision.
Given;
Note that =0 because the second mass was at rest before the collision.
Also, since the two masses are equal, we can say that 
so that equation (1) is reduced as follows;
m cancels out of both sides of equation (2), and we obtain the following;
a) When 
, we obtain the following by equation(3)
b) As stops moving 
, therefore,
