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irina [24]
2 years ago
9

The main factor that influences the direction of any periodic trend across a period is ______.

Chemistry
1 answer:
aalyn [17]2 years ago
3 0

Answer:

The correct option is B

Explanation:

The number of valence electron(s) increases across the period and thus influences the direction of periodic trend of electronegativity, electron affinity and ionization energy across the period. Thus, making option B the answer.

It should be noted that option A is wrong because elements in the same period generally have the same number of electron shells and thus the distance of this shells from the nucleus remains the same throughout the same period and thus option C is also wrong. Option D is wrong because the periodic trends have to do with chemical reactions which actually involves electrons and not protons.

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How does solar radiation affect the atmosphere?<br><br><br> PLEASE ANSWERRRRRRRR
tankabanditka [31]

Answer:

The sun provides energy for almost everything that happens on Earth. Scientists at the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics put it clearly: "Solar radiation powers the complex and tightly coupled circulation dynamics, chemistry, and interactions among the atmosphere, oceans, ice, and land that maintain the terrestrial environment as humanity’s habitat." Put another way, just about everything that happens in the atmosphere happens because of solar energy. This can be demonstrated with some specific examples.

Winds

Sunlight hits the Earth most directly at and near the equator. The extra solar energy absorbed there heats up the air, land and water. Heat from the land and water gets sent back up into the air, heating it even more. The hot air rises. Something has to take its place, so cooler air from the north and south rushes in. That creates airflow -- a circuit from the equator up and splitting to the north and south, then cooling and falling back down to the surface and reversing direction to head toward the equator again. Add in effects of the Earth's rotation and you get trade winds -- the constant flow of air across the Earth's surface. Even though the winds are modified by the Earth's rotation, it's important to realize they aren't created by the Earth's rotation. Without solar energy there would be no trade winds or jet streams.

The Ionosphere

Some wavelengths of solar energy are powerful enough to split molecules apart. They do this by giving so much energy to an electron that it shoots right out of the molecule. That's a process called ionization, and the positively charged atoms that are left behind are called ions. In the upper atmosphere, 80 kilometers (50 miles) above the surface, oxygen molecules absorb ultraviolet wavelengths -- solar radiation wavelengths between 120 and 180 nanometers (billionths of a meter). Because sunlight creates ions at that altitude, that layer of the atmosphere is called the ionosphere. Sunlight affects the Earth's atmosphere, but a side-effect is that the atmosphere absorbs this dangerous ultraviolet radiation.

The Ozone Layer

About 25 kilometers (15 miles) above the surface the atmosphere is far denser than in the ionosphere. Here is the highest density of ozone molecules. Regular oxygen molecules are made from two oxygen atoms; ozone is made from three oxygen atoms. The ionosphere absorbs the 120- to 180-nanometer ultraviolet, the ozone beneath absorbs ultraviolet radiation from 180 to 340 nanometers. There's a natural balance because ultraviolet light splits an ozone molecule into a two-atom oxygen molecule and a single oxygen atom; but when a single atom crashes into another oxygen molecule, ultraviolet light helps them join together to make a new oxygen molecule. Again, a happy coincidence is that the photochemistry taking place at the ozone layer absorbs much ultraviolet radiation that would otherwise make it to Earth and create a hazard for living organisms.

Water and Weather

Another critical component of the atmosphere is water vapor. Water vapor carries heat more easily than gases, so the circulation of water vapor is of critical importance for weather. It's also of critical importance for life on Earth, as water from the oceans is heated by sunlight to rise into the atmosphere where winds blow it over the land. When the water cools, it returns to the surface as rain. The movement of storm fronts is largely the result of collisions between air masses with different water content. Every gust of wind, every storm you have ever seen, every tornado and hurricane was therefore driven by solar energy.

Explanation:

6 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
What is the formula for trinitrogen nonaoxide
horsena [70]

Answer:

N₃O₉

Explanation:

5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Which of the following is a correct inference that one can make about the burning of gasoline?
nikitadnepr [17]
Well first we can say that B. and D. are out BC they are physical changes we are looking for chemical changes when burning gas, the gas is burning and converting into heat energy AKA FIRE!!!. so the answer is indeed (A. <span>Chemical bonds are broken and others are formed.)
</span>
<span />BTW im not a girl every one ask that. the girls in the pic is my GF
any ways i hope you can learn something new from this. :) <3  have any amazing day

3 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
A helium balloon is filled on the ground where the atmospheric pressure is 768 torr. The volume of the balloon is 8.00 m3. When
Anvisha [2.4K]

Answer:

The correct option is: <u>B. 366 torr</u>

Explanation:

Given: <u>On the ground</u>- Initial Volume: V₁ = 8.00 m³, Initial Atmospheric Pressure: P₁= 768 torr;

<u>At 4200 m height</u>- Final Volume: V₂ = 16.80 m³, Final Atmospheric Pressure: P₂ = ?

Amount of gas: n, and Temperature: T = constant

<u>According to the Boyle's Law</u>, for a given amount of gas at constant temperature:         P₁ V₁ = P₂ V₂

⇒  P₂ = P₁ V₁ ÷ V₂

⇒  P₂ = [(768 torr) × (8.00 m³)] ÷ (16.80 m³)

⇒  P₂ = 365.71 torr ≈ 366 torr

<u>Therefore, the final air pressure at 4200 m height: P₂ = 366 torr.</u>

6 0
3 years ago
Can you give me more explanation in the picture?
PolarNik [594]
Read the paper more carefully if you don't understand it
5 0
2 years ago
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