When NAD becomes NADH, it is being reduced and gaining chemical energy.
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), a coenzyme, can exist in two forms, NAD⁺ (oxidized) and NADH (reduced form).
Electrons and protons released in catabolism reactions are attached to NAD⁺. The conversion of NAD⁺ to NADH is important reaction for production of ATP during the cellular respiration.
Reduction is lowering oxidation number because element, ion or compound gain electrons.
Chemical equation for reaction of reduction of NAD⁺ (see picture below):
NAD⁺ + 2e⁻ + H⁺ → NADH
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is made of two nucleosides joined by pyrophosphate.
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Answer:
State the major concepts behind the kinetic molecular theory of gases.
Demonstrate the relationship between kinetic energy and molecular speed.
Apply the kinetic molecular theory to explain and predict the gas laws.
Explanation:
Ionic bond is formed between positive and negative ions.
Positive ion is known as cation (electropositive metal)
Negative ion is known as anion ( electronegative non-metal)
The bond formed between a metal (positive ion) and non-metal (negative ions) is known as Ionic bond.
Ionic form is formed when one or more electrons from the valence shell of an atom (electropositive metal ) are completely transferred to the valence shell of another atom (electronegative non-metal). Ionic bonding is the complete transfer of valence electron(s) between oppositely charged atoms.
For example: Bond between NaCl(sodium chloride) is an ionic bond in which Na (sodium ) is positive ion(metal) which have +1 charge and Cl (chlorine) is negative ion(non-metal) which have -1 charge and the bond formed between Na+ and Cl- is ionic bond.
Answer:
5.5 moles of given substance.
Explanation:
The given problem can be solved by using the Avogadro number.
It is the number of atoms , ions and molecules in one gram atom of element, one gram molecules of compound and one gram ions of a substance.
The number 6.022 × 10²³ is called Avogadro number.
For example,
18 g of water = 1 mole = 6.022 × 10²³ molecules of water
1.008 g of hydrogen = 1 mole = 6.022 × 10²³ atoms of hydrogen
Solution:
3.311 ×10²⁵ / 6.022 × 10²³ = moles
5.5 moles of given substance.
Single Replacement and Double Replacement reactions
