The electrostatic force between two charged object is given by:
where
k is the Coulomb's constant
q1 and q2 are the charges of the two objects
r is the separation between the two objects
We see that the force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance:
. Therefore, if the distance is doubled, the force decreases by a factor 4, and the new force will be:
and it will still be a repulsive force, since the two balloons have charges of same sign.
Answer:
can someone tell me the answer plz I'm in a rush
The electron relaxation time is
The mean free path is
<u>Explanation:</u>
Electron density,
Aluminium resistivity,
From the Drude's model we have:
Where:
τ= Electron relaxation time
m = mass of a charge
q = magnitude of a charge
We know, electron mass =
Charge of electron =
By substituting all given values for electron, we get
When multiply by 100 and divide by 100, we get
Mean free path is given as:
where:
l = Mean free path
= Average velocity of electrons
We know the general value for average velocity of electrons at room temperature:
Therefore,
Answer:
In a series circuit, all components are connected end-to-end, forming a single path for current flow. In a parallel circuit, all components are connected across each other, forming exactly two sets of electrically common points
Efficiency η of a Carnot engine is defined to be:
<span>η = 1 - Tc / Th = (Th - Tc) / Th </span>
<span>where </span>
<span>Tc is the absolute temperature of the cold reservoir, and </span>
<span>Th is the absolute temperature of the hot reservoir. </span>
<span>In this case, given is η=22% and Th - Tc = 75K </span>
<span>Notice that although temperature difference is given in °C it has same numerical value in Kelvins because magnitude of the degree Celsius is exactly equal to that of the Kelvin (the difference between two scales is only in their starting points). </span>
<span>Th = (Th - Tc) / η </span>
<span>Th = 75 / 0.22 = 341 K (rounded to closest number) </span>
<span>Tc = Th - 75 = 266 K </span>
<span>Lower temperature is Tc = 266 K </span>
<span>Higher temperature is Th = 341 K</span>