Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell. Those are t<span>he electrons on an atom that can be gained or lost in a chemical reaction.
</span>Elements that are left on the periodic table <span> have relatively few </span>valence electrons<span>, and can form ions more easily by losing their </span>valence electrons<span> to form positively charged cations.</span>
<span>Nonmetals are further to the right on the periodic table, so they gain electrons relatively easily and lose them with difficulty. </span>
Answer :
The complete equation for the reaction of sulfuric acid and sugar is,

By the stoichiometry of the reaction,
1 mole of sucrose react with the 11 moles of sulfuric acid to give 12 moles of carbon and 11 moles of water.
In this reaction, sulfuric acid react with sucrose (sugar). It dehydrates the sugar molecules which means it eliminates the water.
Answer:
(a) See below
(b) 103.935 °F; 102.235 °F
Explanation:
The equation relating the temperature to time is

1. Calculate the thermometer readings after 0.5 min and 1 min
(a) After 0.5 min

(b) After 1 min

2. Calculate the thermometer reading after 2.0 min
T₀ =106.321 °F
ΔT = 100 - 106.321 °F = -6.321 °F
t = t - 1, because the cooling starts 1 min late

3. Plot the temperature readings as a function of time.
The graphs are shown below.
Those elements with similar properties are in the same column.
Answer: There are 4.8 x 1024 hydrogen atoms in 2.0 moles of CH4