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3 years ago

How does the electron arrangement change moving vertically down a group?

Chemistry

1 answer:

vampirchik [111]3 years ago

6 0

Answer:

Electrons arrangement change is almost constant down the group, hence nuclear charge is almost constant.

But the energy levels on which electrons are arranged increase down the group, hence shielding or screening effect increases.

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1. Write the molecular equation, ionic equation, and net ionic equation for the reaction between calcium chloride and ammonium p

aalyn [17]

Answer:

(molecular) 3 CaCl₂(aq) + 2 (NH₄)₃PO₄(aq) ⇄ Ca₃(PO₄)₂(s) + 6 NH₄Cl(aq)

(ionic) 3 Ca²⁺(aq) + 6 Cl⁻(aq) + 6 NH₄⁺(aq) + 2 PO₄³⁻(aq) ⇄ Ca₃(PO₄)₂(s) + 6 NH₄⁺(aq) + 6 Cl⁻(aq)

(net ionic) 3 Ca²⁺(aq) + 2 PO₄³⁻(aq) ⇄ Ca₃(PO₄)₂(s)

Explanation:

The molecular equation includes al the species in the molecular form.

3 CaCl₂(aq) + 2 (NH₄)₃PO₄(aq) ⇄ Ca₃(PO₄)₂(s) + 6 NH₄Cl(aq)

The ionic equation includes all the ions (species that dissociate in water) and the species that do not dissociate in water.

3 Ca²⁺(aq) + 6 Cl⁻(aq) + 6 NH₄⁺(aq) + 2 PO₄³⁻(aq) ⇄ Ca₃(PO₄)₂(s) + 6 NH₄⁺(aq) + 6 Cl⁻(aq)

The net ionic equation includes only the ions that participate in the reaction and the species that do not dissociate in water. In does not include spectator ions.

3 Ca²⁺(aq) + 2 PO₄³⁻(aq) ⇄ Ca₃(PO₄)₂(s)

3 0

3 years ago

What would be the composition and ph of an ideal buffer prepared from lactic acid (ch3chohco2h), where the hydrogen atom highlig

Mashutka [201]

Answer:

$P_H =2.86$

$c=1.4\times 10^{-4}$

Explanation:

first write the equilibrium equaion ,

$C_3H_6O_3$ ⇄ $C_3H_5O_3^{-} +H^{+}$

assuming degree of dissociation $\alpha$ =1/10;

and initial concentraion of $C_3H_6O_3$ =c;

At equlibrium ;

concentration of $C_3H_6O_3 = c-c\alpha$

$[C_3H_5O_3^{-} ]= c\alpha$

$[H^{+}] = c\alpha$

$K_a = \frac{c\alpha \times c\alpha}{c-c\alpha}$

$\alpha$ is very small so $1-\alpha$ can be neglected

and equation is;

$K_a = {c\alpha \times \alpha}$

$[H^{+}] = c\alpha$ = $\frac{K_a}{\alpha}$

$P_H =- log[H^{+} ]$

$P_H =-logK_a + log\alpha$

$K_a =1.38\times10^{-4}$

$\alpha = \frac{1}{10}$

$P_H= 3.86-1$

$P_H =2.86$

composiion ;

$c=\frac{1}{\alpha} \times [H^{+}]$

$[H^{+}] =antilog(-P_H)$

$[H^{+} ] =0.0014$

$c=0.0014\times \frac{1}{10}$

$c=1.4\times 10^{-4}$

6 0

3 years ago

What is 0.00550 g converted to mg

Mila [183]

Answer: it is 5.5 mg

Explanation:

you have to multiply the mass value by 1000

5 0

3 years ago

Hydrochloric acid reacts with calcium to form hydrogen and calcium chloride. if 100 grams of hydrochloric acid reacts with 100 g

natita [175]

The balanced chemical reaction is:

2HCl + Ca = CaCl2 + H2

We are given the amount of the reactants to be used for the reaction. These values will be the starting point of our calculations.

100 g HCl ( 1 mol HCl / 36.46 g HCl ) = 2.74 mol HCl

100 g Ca ( 1 mol Ca / 40.08 g ) = 2.08 mol Ca

From the reaction, the mole ratio of the reactants is 2:1 where every 2 moles of hydrochloric acid, 1 mole of calcium is required. Therefore, the limiting reactant for this case is calcium.

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3 years ago

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The term for the distance between two crests of a water wave is the _____.

vovangra [49]

The highest point of a wave is called the crest. ... Wave height is the vertical distance between the crest and trough. Wavelength is the horizontal distance between waves in a series. Wavelength can be measured between two wave crests.

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3 years ago

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How does the electron arrangement change moving vertically down a group?​

How does the electron arrangement change moving vertically down a group?