The forces that are existing between molecules are known as intermolecular forces. These forces which are weaker than ionic and covalent bonds are classified into three types'
--> dipole-dipole attraction
--> VAN DER WAALS FORCES and
--> hydrogen bonding.
Van Der Waals forces was postulated by a Dutch physicist known as Van Der Waals. He postulated the existence of weak, short-range forces of attraction, which are independent of normal bonding forces, between non-polar molecules. He came to this conclusion after studying the behaviour of real gases at low temperatures and high pressures that:
--> electrons in a non-polar molecule such as hydrogen are close to one nucleus as to the other, although momentary concentration at one end of the molecule may occur,
--> this momentary concentration of electron cloud on one side create a temporary dipole in the hydrogen molecule, that is, one side of the molecule acquires a partial negative charge while the other side acquires a partial positive charge of equal magnitude,
--> the temporary dipole induces a similar dipole in an adjacent molecule,
--> this results in a temporary dipole-induced dipole attraction between the positive and negative ends of the adjacent molecules.
This is how weak Van Der Waals forces are set up. Therefore, option C is CORRECT which states that VAN DER WAALS forces hold molecules together by inducing temporary dipoles that attract each other.
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