Most common are destructive tests, such as stress, fatigue and micro sectioning tests. There are also methods that allow non-destructive testing (NDT), so the material can be still be used after testing. Common methods are ultrasonic, X-ray, HF Eddy Current, Radio Wave testing or thermography.
Answer:
The total work on the ball is 36.25 Joules
Explanation:
There is an important principle on classical mechanics that is the work-energy principle it states that the total work on an object is equal the change on its kinetic energy, mathematically expressed as:
(1)
With W net the total work, Kf the final kinetic energy and Ki the initial kinetic energy. We're going to use this principle to calculate the total work on the baseball by the force exerted by the bat.
Kinetic energy is the energy related with the movement of an object and every classical object with velocity has some kinetic energy, it is defined as:

With m the mass of the object and v its velocity, knowing this we can use on:
In our case vf is the velocity just after the hit and vi the velocity just before the hit. For an average baseball its mass is 145g that is 0.145 kg, then

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:
Explanation:
this graph show the decrease in velocity with time
at time t=0 velocity is 40 m/sec
at time t=12sec velocity is decreases from 40 to 10 m/s
so the acceleration of the object at time=12 sec is
a=v/t
a=Δv/t
Δv=v1-v2=40-10=30 m/s
a=30/12=2.5 m/s^2